  The Linux Kernel HOWTO in Korean

  Brian Ward, bri@cs.uchicago.edu
  v1.0, 5 June 1999
  Translated by , max0125@nownuri.nowcom.co.kr, jcmaeng@nuri.net
  Updated by , swk@usc.edu

    Ŀ  , ׸ ׷̵忡  ڼ
  ȳ̴
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1.  
     1.1   !
     1.2   ǥ  Ѹ

  2. ߿  
     2.1 Ŀ ϴ  Դϱ
     2.2   Ŀ ׷̵ Ϸ մϱ?
     2.3 ο Ŀε ϴ ϵ   ֽϱ?
     2.4   gcc libc ʿմϱ?
     2.5    Դϱ?
     2.6 󸶳  ũ 뷮 ʿմϱ?
     2.7 󸶳  ɸϱ?

  3.  Ŀ ϴ 
     3.1 ҽ ϱ
     3.2 ҽ  Ǯ
     3.3 Ŀ 
        3.3.1 Kernel math emulation (Processor type and features)
        3.3.2 Enhanced (MFM/RLL) disk and IDE disk/cdrom support (Block Devices)
        3.3.3 Networking support (General Setup)
        3.3.4 System V IPC (General Setup)
        3.3.5 Processor family (Processor type and features)
        3.3.6 SCSI support
        3.3.7 Network device support
        3.3.8 Filesystems
           3.3.8.1    ʿ  ý  𸣴µ!!
        3.3.9 Character devices
        3.3.10 Sound
        3.3.11 ٸ  û׵
        3.3.12 Kernel hacking
     3.4  ?(The Makefile)

  4. Compiling the kernel
     4.1 Cleaning and depending (ûҿ  ˻)
     4.2  ð
     4.3 ٸ ``make''  ִ ͵
     4.4 Ŀ ġ

  5. Ŀ ġϱ
     5.1 ġ 
     5.2   ߸ȴٸ
     5.3 .orig ϵ ֱ
     5.4 ٸ ġ

  6. ߰ Ű
     6.1 kbd
     6.2 util-linux
     6.3 hdparm
     6.4 gpm

  7.  
     7.1 make clean
     7.2 ʹ ũų  Ŀε
     7.3 Ʈ Ͱ ۵ ȵȴ
     7.4 Ŀ ϵ ʴ´
     7.5   Ŀ õ ʴ° 
     7.6  θ ϴ  ذų, ý  õ ʴ´
     7.7 `warning: bdflush not running'̶ Ѵ
     7.8 `warning: bdflush not running' Ѵ
     7.9  IDE/ATAPI CD-ROM ۵ ʴ´
     7.10   䱸ϴ ͵鿡  Ѵ
     7.11 1.2.0  firewalling  ۵ ʴ´
     7.12 ``Not a compressed kernel Image file''
     7.13 1.3.x ׷̵ Ŀ ܼ ͹̳  ִ.
     7.14 Ŀ ׷̵ Ŀ   ȵȴ.
     7.15 뷮 ̱
  8. 2.0.x, 2.2.x  ׷̵ϱ  ˾Ƶ 
  9. Modules
     9.1  ƿƼ ġ
     9.2 Ŀڰ  Ǵ 

  10.  
     10.1 make Ǵ ġ     ٲٱ(̷)
     10.2 Ǻ Ŀ ġ
     10.3 Ŀ Ʈ

  11. ٸ Ÿ
  12. ⵿
     12.1 
     12.2  ͵(To do)
     12.3 
     12.4 ۱, ̼, ׸ ٸ  ͵

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.   

     о߸ ϴ°? ,   Ʒ ߿ 
  ϳ شȴٸ о:

  o  ``̷!!  wizzo-46.5.6 Ű Ŀ 2.8.193 ʿѵ 
      1.0.9 ݾ!''

  o   ʿ ġ ̹   Ŀο ִ

  o    Ŀ ϴ 𸥴

  o  `` README ȿ ִ  پ?''

  o   õ ۵ ʴ´

  o  ſ ڱ Ŀ ġ  ޶ Źϴ в ˷ְ

  1.1.    !

   ȿ ִ  õ  GNU tar find, ׸ xargs
   ִٰ Ѵ. ̰͵ ǥ ޵ǹǷ   
  ʴ´.    ڽ ý  ý  ˰ ִٰ
  Ѵ.   Ѵٸ,  ý ۵ mount  
  纻(   ִٸ, /etc/fstab  ̶)  ִ 
  ſ ߿ϴ.   ߿ϴ. ̰   ũ
  Ƽϰų,  ߰ϰų,  ý ٽ ġϰų,
  ƴϸ ׿    ʴ ٲ ʴ´.

      ``'' Ŀ  2.2.9̾.   
    õ    ̶ ̴.  
         , Ŀ 
  ߿ ְ,   ο   ȴٸ, ణ
  ̰   ¿  . ٽ ڸ, ̰ ū 
  Ű ʴ´. ׷, ణ ȥ ų 𸥴.

   Ŀ ҽ ΰ ,  ``''  ``''  ִ.
   1.0.x  Բ ۵ư  ¦  Ű
  ִ. 1.0.x   ̾, 1.2.x ̴. 2.0.x̳
  2.2.xó ̴.  Ŀε  뿡  ϰ, װ
    .  (1.1.x, 1.3.x, 2.3x, ) 
  Ŀεν,  Ӱ,  ͵    ִ ſ
  װ  Ŀ̴. ϱ ٶ.

  1.2.    ǥ  Ѹ

  ó  ͵ ȭ̳ ȭϸ, Ǵ  ԷҼ ִ ̳
  ɾ ɼ̴ (   Ϲ ؽƮ ȭó ٸ ƹ
  ̰ ̴).  ɾ Է  οǾµ (` '), ̰
     ι  Ų:  ο빮  
  ,  `.'(ħǥ) ɾ   ִ´ - ֳϸ
  ̱ ο ħǥ ǥ ȿ ֱ ̴.  
  (, ̰ ̱ ο ͼ   ǹѴ)
  θ  ؾ ,  ̸ ܼ 
  ϹǷ  ̷   ħǥ ǥ ۿ  ̴.
  , ``make config'' ġ Ҷ  `make config'̶  ,
  `make config.' ̶   ̴.

  2.  ߿  

  2.1.  Ŀ ϴ  Դϱ

  н Ŀ  α׷ ϵ ̿  
  Ѵ.  ù°, Ǵ  α׷(μ)  ޸
  (迭)  , μ Ŭ ( Ѵٸ ׷
  ʰ Ҽ ִ)    ش. , Ŀ α׷
   ϵ ȭ    Ǹ ̽ļ 
  ̽ Ѵ.

  Ŀ ӹ    ͵ ,  ⺻ Ȱ
  ˾Ƶξ   ߿ ̴.

  2.2.    Ŀ ׷̵ Ϸ մϱ?

  ο Ŀ Ϲ    ϵ ϰ( 
  ׵   ġ ̹  ִٴ ̴.),  
  μ    ,       ִ.
  ,   ϰ ׵  ִ ׵ 
  ̴. κ   ġ ̹    Ŀ
  ׷̵Ѵ.

  2.3.  ο Ŀε ϴ ϵ   ֽϱ?

  Hardware-HOWTO ƶ. ƴϸ,  ҽ `make config'ϴ ߿
  ã   ִ `config.in'̶    ִ. ̰ 
  ϴ   ƴ϶, ǥ Ŀ  ϴ 
  ϵ ش.   Ϲ ġ ̹(  PCMCIA
    ̹  ͵)     ǰ
  ȴ.

  2.4.    gcc libc ʿմϱ?

  Linus  ҽ Ե README Ͽ ʿ gcc 
  ̾߱ ϰ ִ.       ʴٸ, 䱸Ǵ
  gcc    п  libc ׷̵
  ؾ߸ϴ ˷  ̴. ̰  ۾ ƴ, 
  뿡 ſ ߿ϴ.

  2.5.     Դϱ?

  ̰ Ŀο   (Ե ) Ŀ ڵ
  κе ̴. ׵  ϰ,  ƹ  Ŀο
  ְ    ִ.    , ̰ Ư Ŀ
  κ ڵȭ ϴ  ̴. PCMCIA QIC-80/40  ̹
    α  ġ ̹   ̴.

  2.6.  󸶳  ũ 뷮 ʿմϱ?

  װ   ý  ޶. 켱,  
  ҽ  2.2.9 쿡  14ްƮ  ȴ. κ
  ҿ  Ǯ ·  ִ.  Ǯ, Ϲ 
  Ŀ    Ǵٸ 67MB  δ.

  2.7.  󸶳  ɸϱ?

     ð   ν ð  ̴;
  AMD K6-2/300  ϵũ   2.2.x Ŀ 4 
   ִ.   Ƽ, 486, 386 ð ɸ̴ --
  ð  ϱ....

   ̰ ̸, ó      Ŀ
    ( ٸ ɼ ϰ  ƿƼ α׷
  ֽŰ ŵ ¿) ű⼭   kernel image 
   ű ȴ.

  3.   Ŀ ϴ 

  3.1.  ҽ ϱ

   ҽ anonymous ftp ftp.kernel.org  丮
  /pub/linux/kernel/vX.Y Ҽ ִ (⼭  X.Y ̴ -
  : 2.2).  Ʊ Ѱó ¦   ̰ (2.0, 2.2,
  ...), Ȧ    Ҽ ִ ߹̴ (1.3,
  2.3, ...).  Ŀ  linux-x.y.z.tar.gz (⼭ x.y.z )̴.
   Ʈ .bz2  ͵鵵  ִµ ̴ bzip2 
  ̴ (̵ ũⰡ  ۾Ƽ     ִ)

     ftp.xx.kernel.org - ⼭ xx  ִ 
  Ī̴.   , ftp.at.kernel.org Ʈ,
  ftp.us.kernel.org ̱, ftp.kr.kernel.org ѱ̴.

  3.2.  ҽ  Ǯ

  Ʈ α ϰų su Ͽ Ʈ   /usr/src   cd϶.
    ó  ġ  Ŀ ҽ ġߴٸ, 
  ü ҽ ϴ linux 丮  ̴.  ũ
    ְ ϰ ϱ⸦ Ѵٸ,  丮 
  ִ  .   ýۿ ǰ ִ  ˱
  ؼ  丮 ̸ ˸° ٲٴ  . uname -r
   Ŀ  ǥ ش. ׷Ƿ uname -r  1.0.9,
  linux丮 linux-1.0.9 (mv ؼ) ̸ ٲ.  
  ġ ʴ´ٸ  丮 ü .  , ü ҽ
  ڵ带 Ǯ  /usr/src 丮 ȿ linux   
  Ȯؾ Ѵ.

  , /usr/src, `tar zxpvf linux-x.y.z.tar.gz' ҽ
  Ǯ.  (   .gz  ƴ .tar    ִٸ
  `tar xpvf linux-x.y.z.tar' ص ȴ.). ҽ   
   ̴.   Ǯ, /usr/src ȿ ο `linux' 丮
   ̴.  linux   README  оƶ.
  `INSTALLING the kernel' ̶   κ  ̴. װ
   ϶. ɺ ũ ڸ  ùٷ Ǿ ִ
  Ȯϰ,  .o ϵ Ѵٵ ϴ  ͵ 
  ϶.

   .bz2  ϰ bzip2 α׷ ִٸ  ϶ (̰Ϳ
  ؼ http://www.muraroa.demon.co.uk/    ִ):

       bz2cat linux-x.y.z.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -

  3.3.  Ŀ 

    ణ Linus README ϳ   ݺ/ؼ ̴

  /usr/src/linux  `make config' п  
  ϴ  ũƮ Ѵ. ̰ bash ʿϹǷ, /bin/bash
  /bin/sh, Ǵ$BASH Ȯ϶.

  menuconfig'    ̴  ̴.    ϵ
    ģ  ߿ϴ - ֳϸ  װ   
  ̱ ̴.  X  ְ, Tk ġ Ǿ   'make xconfig'
     ִ. 'make menuconfig' (n)curses ġ Ǿ ְų,
  ýƮ  Ŵ      ִ.  ̵ Ѱ Ȯ
   ִ :  Ǽ ߸  Է,  ĥ
  ִ.

  `make menuconfig'  `make xconfig'   ɼ ·
  Ÿ ( ū   ο  ɵ  ִ).
     غ Ǹ,  `y' (yes) Ǵ `n' (no) 
  Ѵ. ġ ̹  `m'ɼ  ִ. ̰
  ``module'' ϸ, ý    Ŀο  ʰ
       Ѵ. װ   ڸ,
  ``maybe''    ִ.  ⼭  Ȯϰ ʿ  
  ɼǵ鿡 ؼ  ʴ´.  ٸ ͵鿡 ؼ ``ٸ 
   ׵''  о ٶ.  `make menuconfig' ̽ Ű
   Ѵ.

  2.0.x  Ŀ, `?'ɼ ִ.  ɼ   ĶͿ
   Ȯ  ش.    ֽ  ̴.  ⿡
  ߿ , ̰  Ϻκ, ׸   ִ.

  3.3.1.  Kernel math emulation (Processor type and features)

    ġ   μ   ʴٸ (
  386 ̳ 486SX  ִٸ)  `y' ؾ Ѵ.
    μ  ִµ `y' ߴ ʹ 
  .  쿡  μ ǰ ķ̼ õȴ. 
  ߿  Ŀ  Ŀٴ ̴(RAM ҺѴ).  
  ķ̼ ٰ  ִ.  ̰  忡 
  ,  X  ý     ο ξ
   ̴.

  3.3.2.  Enhanced (MFM/RLL) disk and IDE disk/cdrom support (Block
  Devices)

   Ƹ ̰ ؾ  ̴. ̰ Ŀ κ
    ִ ǥ PC ϵ ũ Ѵٴ ̴. 
  ̹ SCSI ̺  ʴ´. װ  ߿
  ´.

   ``old disk-only'' ``new IDE'' ̹ ؼ  
  ̴.   ׵ ϳ  Ѵٸ,  ѻ ֵ
    ̹ ϳ ̽  ΰ ũ
  ϴµ ,  ι° ̽ IDE/ATAPI õ
  ̺긦 Ѵ.  ̹    4k  ũ 
  ``'',   ִ   ٸ  Ѵ. ̰
   ũ  ,Ư   (EIDE Ÿ) ϵ
   ִٸ,   ̴.

  3.3.3.  Networking support (General Setup)

   ӽ ͳݰ  Ʈũ Ǿ ְų, ȭ
  ɾ ͳݿ ϱ  SLIP, PPP, ͹̳  ϰ Ѵٸ
  `y' ؾ Ѵ. ׷,  Ű( X  ý )
   ӽ ¥ Ʈũ Ǿ  ʴ Ʈũ 
  䱸ϹǷ  `y' ؾ߸ Ѵ. ߿ TCP/IP Ʈŷ
  ϱ⸦ ϴ  ̴. ٽ ,  
  Ȯ ʴ´ٸ, ⿡ `y' ϶.

  3.3.4.  System V IPC (General Setup)

  IPC(Interprocess Communication:  μ )   
    ϳ Perl å  Ǯ̿ ִ.  ͵ ,  Perl
  α׷ӵ ̰ ٸ Űó( ָ ϰԵ, DOOM
  ) μ  ȭϰ ϴµ Ѵ. ׷Ƿ 
   ϴ Ȯ  ϸ `n' ϴ   
  ƴϴ.

  3.3.5.  Processor family (Processor type and features)

  ( Ŀο 486  ȭ ؼ -m486 ÷׸
  Ѵ.)

  , ̰ Ư μ ȭϿ Ͽ. Ŀ ٸ
  Ĩ 鿡  ۵, Ŀ ణ Ŀ. ׷  Ŀο,
  ̻  ƴϴ. ׷  Ŀ ϴ μ
  Էؾ Ѵ.  ``386'' Ŀ  ӽſ ۵Ѵ.

  3.3.6.  SCSI support

    SCSI ġ  ִٸ `y' ϶.  
      ̴. õ, ũ, ׸  
  SCSI ƴͰ   ϴ ͵ ̴.  ڼ 
  ˱ ؼ  SCSI-HOWTO  ٶ.

  3.3.7.  Network device support

   Ʈũ ī带  ְų, ͳݿ ϱ  SLIP,
  PPP, Ǵ з Ʈ ƴ͸ ϰ Ѵٸ `y' ϶. 
  ũƮ   ִ ī尡  ,  
     ̴.

  3.3.8.  Filesystems

  ׸ ,  ũƮ п   ý
  ϱ⸦ ϴ ؼ  ̴.

  Standard (minix) - ο ǿ ̴н  ý 
  ʰ    װ  ʴ´. ׷  ִ 
  .   `` ũ'' α׷ װ ϰ, ÷ǿ
  ϱ⿡ ̴н  ý  ڱ ,  
  ÷ǵ ̴н  ý Ѵ.

  Second extended - ̰  ǿ θ ̰ ִ. 
  Ƹ ߿ ϳ   ̹Ƿ `y' ؾ Ѵ.

  msdos -   MS-DOS Ƽ ϰ Ѵٸ, Ǵ MS-DOS
  ˵ ÷ ũ Ʈϰ Ѵٸ `y'̴.

   ܿ پ ܺ ü迡 ϴ  ý۵   ִ.

  /proc - (ƹ  ,  ҿ   ).  ƹ
  ũ proc  ý   .  ̰ Ŀΰ μ
    ý ̴̽.  μ ϱ(`ps' )
  ̰ Ѵ.  `cat /proc/meminfo' `cat /proc/devices'
  õ ƶ.   (Ư rc)  ؼ /proc/self/fd
  (ٸ ý۵鿡 /dev/fd  ˷)  Ѵ.  ⿡
   Ȯ `y' ؾ Ѵ.  ߿   ̰Ϳ
  ϰ ִ.

  NFS -   ӽ Ʈũ Ǿ ְ NFS ٸ
  ýۿ ϴ  ý ϱ ؼ `y' ϶.

  ISO9660 - κ õҵ鿡 ִ.  õ ̺긦 
  ְ Ͽ ϰ Ѵٸ, `y'̴.

  3.3.8.1.     ʿ  ý  𸣴µ!!

  .׷ `mount' ĺ.     ̴.

           blah# mount
           /dev/hda1 on / type ext2 (defaults)
           /dev/hda3 on /usr type ext2 (defaults)
           none on /proc type proc (defaults)
           /dev/fd0 on /mnt type msdos (defaults)

    . `type'   ܾ  ý Ÿ̴.  
  ,  /  /usr   ý second extended ̰, 
  /proc ϰ ִ. ׸ ÷ ũ msdos  ý
  ƮϿ ϰ ִ.

   /proc   ְ  ̶, `cat
  /proc/filesystems'     ִ. װ   Ŀ 
  ý ̴.

    ʴ, ʿ   ý  Ŀ Ǯ 
   ִ. ̰   ִ  ⿡   о
  ٶ. ׸ ``'' ǿ  Ǯ Ŀ  
  ƶ.

  3.3.9.  Character devices

    (з ͸ )  콺, PS/2
  콺 ( Ʈϵ鿡  Ʈ ؼ PS/2 콺
   ϰ ִ.),   ̺, ׸ ٸ
  ``Ư'' ġ  ̹   ִ.    `y'
  ϶.

  ˾Ƶ  : gpm̶ α׷  ֿܼ 콺 cut & paste 
    ְ Ѵ.  X (X  ý) ־    ־,
  콺 ִ Դ ï ̴.   X  ƴ ٸͿ
  Ư Ұ ʿϴ.

  3.3.10.  Sound

    پ Ҹ  ʹٸ `y'̴. ׷  п
    ī忡     ̴. (
  ī  ˾Ƶ :  Ǯ ̹ ġ ̳İ
  , `n' ν   ʿ κи Ŀο
   ְ ޸𸮸   ִ.)    ī带 
  ִٸ     ڼ  ˱ ؼ  Sound-HOWTO
  о⸦ Ѵ.

   Ư  ī尡 Ǵ ˰
  http://www.linux.org.uk/OSS/  ̹   Open Sound
  System <http://www.opensound.com/>  ̹ .

  3.3.11.  ٸ  û׵

  ⿡   û׵ ִ  ƴϴ. ֳϸ ׵ ʹ
   ٲų ƴϸ ڸ ͵̱ ̴.( , 3Com 3C509
    Ư ̴ ī带 ϱ  ġ ̹ ؾ
  Ѵ).

  ¶ help Axel Boldt(boldt@math.ucsb.edu) ϰ ϰ
  ִµ ⿡   û(׵ Configure ũƮ ִ
  )  ſ  ϵ ִ.  ̰  ϳ ū
  Ϸν Documentation/Configure.help  ̸ Linux ҽ 
  2.0 Ѵ.

  3.3.12.  Kernel hacking

  >Linus README:

  ``kernel hacking''   Ŀ  ũų  (Ǵ Ѵ)
   ڼ ְ,  ƾ ־ Ŀ
  (kmalloc()) Ǵ ߸ ڵ带 ã ߰ Ϸ ϱ 
  Ŀ  ϰ   ִ. ׷Ƿ  Ƹ ``''
  Ŀο  `n' ؾ  ̴.

  3.4.   ?(The Makefile)

  make config  Ŀ,   Ŀ  Ƿ
  ``߰  ؼ ֻ Makefile Ȯ ''  ϴ
   ޼  ̴.

   Makefile .  Ƹ ĥ ʿ䰡  ̴. 
  ٰ  ϱ ѹ .    Ŀ ġ
  ѹ `rdev'  ν û׵ ٲ  ִ.

  4.  Compiling the kernel

  4.1.  Cleaning and depending (ûҿ  ˻)

   ũƮ  , `make dep' `make clean' ϶ ޼
   ̴. ׷Ƿ, `make dep' ϶. ̰  , ׷
  Ե  ϵ,   Ǿ ִ ȮѴ. ̰ 
  ǻͰ ʹ   ۵ ʴ´ٸ ׸  ɸ ʴ´.
  ̰  `make clean' ϶. ̰  Ʈ ϰ
   ܳ ϴ ̴.   ܰ踦  
  ٶ.

  4.2.   ð

  cleaning  depending  Ŀ,  `make bzImage' `make
  bzdisk' ؾѴ.(̺κ  ð  ɸ.). `make
  bzImage' Ŀ  ϰ, `bzImage'  arch/i386/boot 
  . ̰   Ŀ̴. `make bzdisk'  ε,
  ̰  bzImage ``A:'' ̺ ÷ ũ ִ´.
  `zdisk'  Ŀ  µ .  װ ź( 
  ۵ ʴ°)̶, ÷Ǹ ϰ   Ŀη
  ؾѴٸ ̴.     Ŀ ٸ,
  (ƴϸ ̿ ϰ ġ  ٸ) ̰  
  ִ.  ׸   ũ ִ  ٸ  Űܼ 
  ýۿ ġϰ     ִ.(``̰ ٰ ƴϴ!
  󸶳 ġ ִ°!'')

  , ̶ֱٰ ⿡  ͵, Ŀε Ǿ
  ִ.    ̸ `bz' Դ.  Ŀ  
  ڵ ڱ ڽ  Ǭ.

   Ŀ bzImage  Ŀ   ִ; ׶ 
  zImage .   ɼ    Ŀ ũ⸦  
  ɼ ū ũ Ŀ  Ƿ bzImage ° ⺻ó
  Ǿ ִ.

  4.3.  ٸ ``make''  ִ ͵

  `make mrproper'  Ȯ `clean'ing Ѵ. ̰ 
  ʿϴ.    ġ ̰   ִ. `make mrproper'
       , װ ʿϴٰ Ѵٸ
  纻   ̴.

  `make oldconfig'   Ϸκ Ŀ  õѴ. ̰
  `make config' Ѿ ȴ.    Ŀ 
   ٰų    ٸ  ̰   ,
  ⺻  ϴ  ٲپ  ̴.

  `make modules'  ؼ ⿡    ٶ.

  4.4.  Ŀ ġ

   ϰ ϴ    ִ  Ŀ  Ŀ, ġ
  ؾѴ.  κ  ̰ ؼ LILO(Linux Loader)
  Ѵ.  `make zlilo' Ŀ ġϰ, װ θ
  ؽŲ.׸  ΰ     ýۿ
  ġǾ ִٸ,   غ ϰ ش: Ŀ
  /vmlinuz̰, δ /sbin , ̰  
  (/etc/lilo.conf) ƾѴ.

  ׷ ʴٸ,   θ ؾѴ. ̰ ſ ġϱ
    ۵ϴ Ű̴. ׷   ϰ ȥϴ
   ִ.    ƶ.( /etc/lilo/config 
   /etc/lilo.conf). ׸    ƶ. 
     .

      image = /vmlinuz
          label = Linux
          root = /dev/hda1
          ...

  `image ='  ġ Ŀ Ÿ. κ  /vmlinuz
   Ѵ. `label' ΰ  Ŀ̳ ü  
  ϴµ Ѵ.  ׸ `root' Ư ü / ̴. 
   Ŀ 纻 ,    bzImage ġ
  Ѵ( `/vmlinuz'  Ѵٸ, `cp bzImage
  /vmlinuz'̶ ľѴ.). ׸ , θ ο ýۿ
   Ų.   `lilo' ġ⸸ ϸ ȴ. ׷
   /etc/lilo/install ̳ /etc/lilo/lilo -C /etc/lilo/config
   ؾ ̴.

      Ͽ  ˰ ϰų θ 
   ʴٸ,  ϴ ftp Ʈ  ֽ  ͼ
    ٶ.

   (Ŀ  ۵ ʴ:) ϵũ
      Ŀε߿ ϳ ϱ ؼ(̷
  쿡  ϴ ٸ   Ŀ ġϴ ̴.), 
    Ʒκ  ִ `image = xxx'  κ Ѵ.
  ׸ `image = xxx'  `image = yyy' ģ. ⼭ `yyy' 
   Ŀ Ǿ ִ  ü θ̴. ׸ 
  `label = zzz'   `label = linux-backup'  ġ θ ٽ
  Ѵ.  Ͽٰ `delay=x' ־ ־ 
  ̴. x 10 1   ̰ ΰ ϱ  
  ٸ ϴ ̴. ׷  װ ų  ְ(
  , Ʈ Ű ؼ),  Ʈ ̹    ȴ
  (    쿡).

  5.  Ŀ ġϱ

  5.1.  ġ 

  Ŀ þ  ġ ȴ.  ,  1.1.45
   ְ ٸ 򰡿 `patch46.gz' ִٰ . ̰ 
  ġ  ؼ 1.1.46 ׷̵   ִٴ ̴.
     ҽ     ̴.(`make clean'
   ϰ `cd /usr/src; tar zcvf old-tree.tar.gz linux' ϸ
   tar     ִ).

    ϸ,  `patch46.gz' /usr/src  
  ִٰ . /usr/src  `zcat patch46.gz | patch -p0'
   Ѵ.  (Ǵ ġ Ǿ ʴٸ `patch -p0 <
  patch46'̶ ص ȴ).   ϵ ϵ簣, 
  ϰ ִٴ Ҹ  ϰ  ư ( 
  ý ٸ õõ  )   ̴. , 
  ۾  б⿡ ʹ   װ   ۵ǰ
  ִ° ƴ Ȯ  . ׷ ġ  -s ÷ 
  ν   ޼    ִ( " ǻ
  Ͱ   ٲٰ ֱ!" ۿ    ̴.
     Ѵٸ...). ε巴 Ѿ ʴ κе 
  ؼ /usr/src/linux  .rej Ȯڸ   ƶ. 
   ġ (ϼ ϱ  ýۿ ϵǾ.) #
  Ȯڸ   Ͽ źε()  . ̵ ã 
  `find' ɾ   ִ.

      find .  -name '*.rej' -print

  ǥ   丮  Ʒ   丮 ִ .rej
  Ȯڸ   ϵ Ѵ.

    Ǹ, 3 4忡  `make clean', `config',
  `dep'  Ѵ.

  ġ ɿ ణ ɼ ִ.   ó, patch -s  
  ޼ ̿  ޼  ʰ Ѵ.   
  Ŀ ҽ /usr/src/linux ٴ ٸ ҿ  Ѵٸ,
  patch -p1 ( 丮) ġ ͵   ̴. ٸ
  ġ ɼǵ     Ǿ ִ.

  5.2.    ߸ȴٸ

  (˾Ƶ  : Ʒ   ĿڿԸ ȴ)

  Ǵ  ߿    ʴ `config.in'  
  Ǿ ϴ ̴. ̰   û׵ 
  ӽſ ° ľϱ ̴. ̰ ؼ ؾ Ѵ. 
   Ѱ   浹Ѵ. config.in.rej  鼭
  ġ  ġ   ִ ƶ.   
   ó `+' `-' ǥ  ȴ.   ֺ  ׵ `y'
  `n'   Ǿ ִ ϶.  , config.in ؼ,
  `y' `n', `n' `y'  ٲٱٶ.

      patch -p0 < config.in.rej

   ؼ  Ǿٰ (а ),  
  ϰ, ִ config.in.rej   ȴ.

   `previously applied patch detected: Assume -R?'̶ 
  ,  Ƹ   ȣ Ʒ  ġ Ϸ
  ϴ  ̴.  `y' ϸ,  ҽ  
  ǵ ϴ ̹Ƿ κ  ̴. ̷ Ǹ, 
  ο ҽ  ü ߸ Ѵ.(ó ׷  
  ƴϴ.).

  ġ ǵ(  ǵ),  ġ `patch -R'
  ϶.

  ġ  ߸Ǿ       clean ٽ
  ϴ ̴. ҽ  ׵θ (  linux-
  x.y.z.tar.gz ϵ ߿ ϳ) ó ٽ Ѵ.

  5.3.  .orig ϵ ֱ

   ġ Ŀ, .orig ϵ ̱  ̴.  ,
    ִ  1.1.51 Ʈ 1.1.48̾  ѹ û
  ̴.  ް  Ǿ ִ .orig ϵ .

      find .  -name '*.orig' -exec rm -f {} ';'

  ؼ ϱ ٶ. źλ ؼ # ϴ ġ 
  .origſ  (tilde) ϶.

  .orig ϵ ִ    GNU Xargs ̿ϴ ̴.

      find .  -name '*.orig' | xargs rm

  Ǵ `` Ȯ ణ  ȭ ''  ִ.

      find . -name '*.orig' -print0 | xargs --null rm --

  5.4.  ٸ ġ

  Linus  ̿ܿ ٸ ġ ִ.( ׵
  ``ǥ''̶ θ.)   ̰͵ Ѵٸ, Linus
  ġ  ۵  𸣰,   ̰ ǵ
  ؼ, ҽ ġ ϰų, ο ҽ Ʈ ġϰų,
  ƴϸ  ۾  ؾ  ̴.  ̰  
     ִ. ׷   ҽ ϱ⸦ ( 
    ɼ )  ʴ´ٸ, Linus ġ ϱ
   ǥ ġ ǵ , ƴϸ  ҽ ġؾ Ѵ.
  ׸ , ǥ ġ  ϴ    ̴. 
  ׵  ,   Ŀο ӹ ְų, ϰ
  ϴ    ִ ҽ ġ  簡, ƴϸ ο 
  ġ ö ٸ  ִ.

  ǥ  ƴѰ쿡 ġ 󸶳 ϻ ϱ? 
  Ƹ  Ϳ   ̴.  ̴ Ŀ 
  Ⱦϱ    ܼ ؼ Ӿ ġ  
  ִ.( ġ  Ŀ   Ʈȴ.( 
  ׷.)).  ο ġ ̹ 簡  ߵǰ ִ
  Ͱ ÿ  ``ǥ''  ġ Ȯ پ ִ.

  6.  ߰ Ű

    Ŀ Ŀ ҽ  ڽ ϰ ִ ͵ ȴ
  ٸ    ִ.    ܺ Ű
  Ѵ.      ⿡ ִ.

  6.1.  kbd

   ܼ װ Ÿ ͺ     ִ.
  ̵ ̿ Ʈ ٲٰ,  Ű带 ġϰ, 
  带 ٲٴ( Ŀε鿡)  ɷ  ִ. kbd Ű
  ڰ ̷     ְϴ α׷  Ʈ, 
   Ű ġ,   ְ Ŀ  Ʈ鿡 
   ִ.

  6.2.  util-linux

  Rik Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu), 쿬, util-linux θ
    α׷   Ҵ. ̰͵ 
  Andries Brouwer (util-linux@math.uio.no) ؼ ǰ ִ.
  sunsite.unc.edu ͸ ftp /pub/Linux/system/misc ̿ 
  ְ, ̰ Ŀΰ õ setterm, rdev, ctrlaltdel 
  α׷ ϰ ִ. Rik  ,  ġ .
   Ű   ġ ʿ .  ׷ 쿡
  ɰ  ߱ų  ִ.

  6.3.  hdparm

   Ű鿡 ̰ Ŀ ġ  α׷̾. 
  ġ  Ŀ ȿ װ ,  ϵ ũ
  ȭŰ ۵Ű α׷  ؼ ȴ.

  6.4.  gpm

  gpm Ϲ 뵵 콺(general purpose mouse) Ÿ. 
  α׷  ֵܼ ̿  ڸ ̱⸦   ְ
  ְ, 콺 ŸԿ  ſ پ ٸ ɵ ϰ ش.

  7.   

  7.1.  make clean

    Ŀ Ŀ ׷̵  ģ Ŀ  ̻ϰ
  Ǿٸ,  Ŀ ϱ  make clean ϴ   ̴.
   ý ߸Ǿ , ̻ϰ  I/O  
   ̵   ִ.  make dep  ϴ ͵ ݵ Ȯϱ
  ٶ.

  7.2.  ʹ ũų  Ŀε

   Ŀ ʹ Ŀ  ޸𸮸 ϰ/ų,  ο
  -III/4400 (ؼ:  CPU)    ϴµ
  ʹ  ð ɸٸ, Ƹ ʿ  (ġ
  ̹̳,  ý۵ )  ʹ Ͽ ־
  ̴.   ʴ ̶,  . װ ޸𸮸
  Ѵ. Ǯ Ŀ  Ȯ   ؿ ؼ
  ũ ޸𸮰  ̴.  ũ ʹ Ҹ
   ,   ƮⰡ ߴ   Ҹ   Fujitsu
  Eagle(ϵ ũ ΰ :) ƴ϶,  Ŀ
     ٶ.

    ӽ Ѹ޸ 翡 ϴ Ͱ /proc/meminfo
  ߿ ``total mem'' 翡 ų `free'  ؼ
  Ŀ 󸶳   ޸𸮸 ϴ ˾Ƴ   ̴.

  7.3.  Ʈ Ͱ ۵ ȵȴ

  PC   `General Setup'  `Parallel port support' 
  `PC-style hardware'  Ѵ.   Ŀ `Character devices' 
  `Parallel printer support' Ѵ.

   Ŀ  ̸  ִ.  Linux 2.2   ٸ 
  ̸ .  δ    Ͱ lp1ٸ 
  Ŀڿ lp0 ̴.  `dmesg' /var/log  α׸ 
   ˾ƺ.

  7.4.  Ŀ ϵ ʴ´

   ϵ ʴ´ٸ, ġ ߰ų, ƴϸ  ҽ
  ؼ ظ ޾Ҵٴ ̴.  gcc  
  ʴٰų, ׷ ʾƵ    ִ( , ϴ
  ϵ  ִٸ).  Linus README Ѵ ɺ ũ
   Ǿ ִ Ȯ϶.  , ǥ Ŀ ϵ ,
  ýۿ ɰ  Ƿ, Ư  缳ġ  ʿ䰡
   ̴.

   쿡, ϵ   gcc ߸ 쵵 ִ.  
   ޼ ``xxx exited with signal 15'' ε,  ſ
  ٸ ϰ̴.  ̰ ϱ , Ե ̷ ѹ
  Ͼ  ִ.  ణ   ĳ ޸𸮸  ־µ,
  Ϸ ڱ  ޼ 鼭  ۵ ʾҴ.
     ġ   gcc 缳ġ϶.  
  Ŀ RAM  ̰ ܺ ĳ   ϵȴٸ, ѹ
  ǽغ ٶ.

  迡  ִٰ  ׷ ġ  ̴.
  http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/  FAQ   ̾߱.

  7.5.    Ŀ õ ʴ° 

   LILO  ʾҰų, ƴϸ    
  ̴.   ``޾'' ͵ ϳ  ϳ .
  װ ٷ `boot = /dev/hda' ſ `boot = /dev/hda1'  
  ̴.(̰ ó  ȭ  ִ , 
  ۵ϴ     , װ ٲ ʿ䰡 .).

  7.6.   θ ϴ  ذų, ý  õ
  ʴ´

  ! ⿡    ִ  ּ  ÷ ũ
  CDROM ϰ Ǵٸ ð ÷Ǹ غϴ°̴(`make
  zdisk'     ִ).   Ʈ(/  ý
   ְ,  Ÿ(. second extended, minix) ˾ƾ߸
  Ѵ. Ʒ ,   /usr/src/linux ҽ Ʈ 
  Ÿ  ýۿ ְ,   ƮǾ ִ ˾ƾ߸
  Ѵ.

    /  /dev/hda1̰ /usr/src/linux ִ 
  /dev/hda3̸,  /usr ƮǾ ִ. Ѵ second extended
  Ͻý Ǿ ִ.  ϴ Ŀ
  /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot  ִ zImage̴.

   ۵ϴ bzImage ִٸ,  ÷Ǹ ϴ ͵ ϴ.
   ٸ  ؼ, װ    ְ ƴ  , 
    ϱ Ѵ.(̰   ý ȥ
  ߸   ٸ.)

  켱, Ʈ/Ʈ  ũ Ѵ. ׸ Ŀ ̹ ִ
   ý ƮѴ.

      mkdir /mnt
      mount -t ext2 /dev/hda3 /mnt

   mkdir 丮 ̹ Ѵٰ ϸ, ϶. , Ŀ
  ̹ ִ 丮 .
  /mnt + /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot - /usr = /mnt/src/linux/arch/i386/boot

  ˵ ũ ``A:'' ̺꿡 ְ(Ʈ Ʈ ũ ƴϴ!),
  ̹ ũ Ѵ. ׸  Ʈ  ýۿ װ
  Ѵ.

      cd /mnt/src/linux/arch/i386/boot
      dd if=bzImage of=/dev/fd0
      rdev /dev/fd0 /dev/hda1

  /   /usr  ý 𸶿ƮŲ.

      cd /
      umount /mnt

     ÷Ƿ 붧ó  ý  
   ̴.  Ŀ (Ǵ  ߸  ̵)
  ϴ   !

   Ѱó, ϻ ٸ  ִ.   / 
  Ŀ̹ ( /vmlinuz) ̷ Ȳ Ͼٸ, ̰
  Ʈũ   ִ. Ȳ  ϰ,  Ŀ
  ̹ /vmlinuz ϶,     ϶. /dev/hda3
  /dev/hda1(/  ý) ٲٰ, /mnt/src/linux  /mnt  ٲ۴.
  ׸ if=bzImage  if=vmlinuz ٲ۴.  /mnt/src/linux
  õǴ Ȯϰ ˾Ƶξ.

  ū 뷮(1024 Ǹ ̻) ̺鿡 θ ϴ 
   ų  ִ. װͿ     LILO mini-
  HOWTO ƶ.

  7.7.  `warning: bdflush not running'̶ Ѵ

  ̰ ū   ִ.  Ŀ 1.0ʹ (1994 4 20 )
  `update' ̶   ý  ִ α׷
  ٲ.  ذå `bdflush' α׷ ҽ ؼ (Ŀ
  ҽ      ̴) ġ϶ (̶ Ƹ  Ŀ
  ȿ ϴ   ̴).    α׷ ڽ `update'
  ̸ ġ ̰,  Ŀ ̻    ̴.

  7.8.  `warning: bdflush not running' Ѵ

  ̰ ɰ    ִ.   ý ۸ 
  ҺŰ `update' Ҹ α׷ Ŀ  1.0(1994 4
  20 ) Ŀ ؼ ׷̵/ü Ǿ. `bdflush' Ŀ
  ҽ ͼ ( Ŀ ҽ  Դ 
  ãƾѴ), װ ġ϶(  ý ̰ ϴ
    Ŀο Ǳ⸦  ̴).  װ  ڽ
  `update' ġǰ  Ŀ ̻   ̴.

  7.9.   IDE/ATAPI CD-ROM ۵ ʴ´

  ̻ϰԵ,   ATAPI ̺ ۵ ʴµ, ̰
  Ƹ ߸  ִ ͵   ̴.

    CD-ROM 帮̺갡  Ư IDE ̽ ִ
  ġ, Ʋ ۰ ``master''  ``single'' Ǿ 
  ̴. ̰  ϻ ̴.

  , Creative Labs  IDE ̽ ׵  ī忡 ϰ
  ִ.  ׷, ̰    ϳ ̽ 
  ִ ݸ鿡   ׵ 忡 ΰ IDE ̽(
  IRQ 15) ϰ ־  ̷ο  ߱Ų. ׷
     ̽ ° IDE Ʈ(  ٷδ
  IRQ11) .

  ̰ 1.2.x   ° IDE ̽  
  ؼ  ߻Ų.(1.3.x 𿡼 ̰ Ѵ. 
   Ѱ װ ̹Ƿ ڵ ã ʴ´). ̿
  ؼ,   ִ.

   ̹ ι° IDE Ʈ  ִٸ, װ  ʾƼ
   ΰ ġ   ̴. ATAPI ̺긦 
  ī忡  ι° ̽ Ѵ. ׸  
  ī ̽    ν ε IRQ Ƴ.

   ι° ̽   ʴٸ,  ī
  ̽  ( ī  κ ƴϴ) IRQ15, 
  ι° ̽ Ѵ.   ۵ ̴.

  7.10.    䱸ϴ ͵鿡  Ѵ

   route α׷ Ʈ  ϴ ٸ α׷
  ´.  /usr/include/linux/route.h( /usr/src/linux ִ
  ) ٲ.

  7.11.  1.2.0  firewalling  ۵ ʴ´

   1.2.1  ׷̵ ϶.

  7.12.  ``Not a compressed kernel Image file''

  Ʈ ̹ /usr/src/linux  vmlinux   .
  [..]/arch/i386/boot/zImage   ̴.

  7.13.  1.3.x ׷̵ Ŀ ܼ ͹̳  ִ.

  /etc/termcap  ܼ termcap ߿ ܾ dumb  linux ٲٶ.
    terminfo    ̴.

  7.14.  Ŀ ׷̵ Ŀ   ȵȴ.

   Ŀ ҽ /usr/include ִ ǥص ϴ 
  include ϵ( .h  ) ϰ ִ. ׵ 
    Ǿ.  (xyzzy.h /usr/include/linux ִ ̴.)

      #include <linux/xyzzy.h>

  , /usr/include linux  Ŀ ҽ include/linux
  丮 ũ ִ( ýۿ
  /usr/src/linux/include/linux).    ũ ų ߸ 
  Ű  κ  ϵ  ̴.  
  Ŀ ҽ ũ ʹ  ؼ  ߴٸ, ̰ 
    ̴. װ ߸  ִ Ǵٸ  
  ۹̼(㰡) ִ.    Ʈ ⺻ ؼ ٸ
  ڵ ϵ   ϴ umask  ְ,  p
  ɼ( ϸ)  Ŀ ҽ Ǯٸ,  ڵ C
  Ϸ   ̴.  ̰ ġ ؼ chmod
   ٰص, Ƹ include ϵ ٽ Ǫ   
  ̴.    ƱԸƮ ߰ν, ó ۶ ü
  ҽ  ߴͰ     ִ.

      blah# tar zxvpf linux.x.y.z.tar.gz linux/include

  Note: ``make config'' /usr/src/linux Ʈ ũ  ʿѴ
  ̴.

  7.15.  뷮 ̱

   Ŀڿ  ִ 뷮 ̴  ̴.

  echo 4096 > /proc/sys/kernel/file-max
  echo 12288 > /proc/sys/kernel/inode-max
  echo 300 400 500 > /proc/sys/vm/freepages

  8.  2.0.x, 2.2.x  ׷̵ϱ  ˾Ƶ 

  Ŀ  2.0.x/2.2.x Ŀ ġ   ٲٰ ϰ ִ.
  2.0.x ҽ Ʈ Documentation/Changes   2.0.x
  ׷̵  ,  ˾ƾ߸ϴ    ִ.
   ̸  κ  key Ű gcc, libc, ׸
  SysVInit, ణ ý ϵ ׷̵ؾ  ̴. Ȳ
  .

  9.  Modules

  簡 Ŀ  ϱ  ޸𸮸   ִ. 
    ý۵, ̴ ī ̹,  ̹,
   ̹   ͵   ִ.

  9.1.   ƿƼ ġ

   ƿƼ  Ŀ ҽ  ̸  modules-
  x.y.z.tar.gz    ϴ.   ġ  
  Ŀκ ų  x.y.z Ѵ. `tar zxvf modules-x.y.z.tar.gz'
   Ǯ, װ  丮(modules-x.y.z)  README
   а,  ġ ( make install ó ſ )
  .    /sbin insmod, rmmod, ksyms, lsmod, genksyms,
  modprobe, ׸ depmod  α׷  Ǿ ̴.
   Ѵٸ, insmod  ִ ``hw''  ̹
  ƿƼ ׽Ʈ   ִ. ڼ   丮 ִ
  INSTALL̶  ƶ.

  insmod    Ŀξȿ ϴ ̴.  
  .o Ȯڸ ´.    ̹ drv_hello.o ̹Ƿ,
  װ ϱ ؼ, `insmod drv_hello.o' ؾѴ. Ŀ
      ؼ lsmod Ѵ.   
  .

      blah# lsmod
      Module:        #pages:  Used by:
      drv_hello          1

  `drv_hello'  ̸̰, ޸  (4k) ϰ ִ.
      ٸ Ŀ  .   ϱ ؼ
  `rmmod drv_hello' Ѵ. rmmod   ̸ ƴ϶
  ̸   ϶.  ̰ lsmod κ
    ִ.  ٸ  ƿƼ  ׵ Ŵ 
  ִ.

  9.2.  Ŀڰ  Ǵ 

   2.0.30  ڸ,   ý۵, ణ SCSI
  ̹,  ̴ ƴ ̹, ׸  ٸ͵
  μ   ִ ̴. ׵ ϱ ؼ, 켱 켱
  ׵  Ŀο  Ͽ  ʾҴ Ȯ϶. ̰ `make
  config'ϴ ȿ y    Ѵ.  Ŀ ϰ
  ϶. ׸ , ٽ /usr/src/linux , `make
  modules' ģ. ̰  Ŀξ  Ͽ  
    ϰ,/usr/src/linux/modules ȿ ũŰ
  ̴.   丮     ְ, `make
  modules_install' Ͽ /lib/modules/x.y.z ġ  ִ.
  ⼭ x.y.z Ŀ  ȣ̴.

  ̰ Ư  ý۵鿡 ˸´.  Ƹ minix msdos 
  ý     ̴.  ,   msdos
  ÷Ǹ   ȴٸ,  /usr/src/linux/modules/msdos.o
  Ŀη ְ(insmod),  rmmod msdosϸ ȴ.   붧
  Ŀ RAM 뷮 50k ٿش. minix  ý  
  ˾Ƶξ  , ̰ `` '' ũ ϱ ؼ
  ׻ Ŀο  Ͽ ־ Ѵ.

  10.   

  10.1.  make Ǵ ġ     ٲٱ(̷)

   `make' `patch'      뿡 
   Ѵٸ,   Ϸ ٲ  ִ. 켱, 
     ˾Ƴ. `grep root /etc/passwd' 
  `/bin/csh' ͵ ؼ   ִ.

   sh  bash ٸ,

      () 2>&1 | tee ( )

   `( )' ()  Ѵ.

  csh tcsh ڴ

      () |& tee ( )

  rc(:  Ƹ rc   ̴.)

      () >[2=1] | tee ( )

  10.2.  Ǻ Ŀ ġ

   Ŀ ǵ帮 ʰ  Ŀ   , ÷
  ũ ϴ ̿ܿ  ִ.  н ȣ
   , (LILO) ũ   Ŀ 
   ִ.(  뷮 (500MB̻) ũ  ִٸ,
   ̰  ų  ִ LILO  оƶ).
  ׷Ƿ     LILO    
  ߰Ѵٸ,    /vmlinuz ǵ帮 ʰ 
   Ŀ   ִ( `lilo'  Ŀ).

      image = /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage
          label = new_kernel

  LILO  Ŀ ϵ ִ     
   Ʈ Ÿ ϱ, Ʈ Ű  ̴.  Ŀ
  ϱ ؼ ⿡ `new_kernel' ־ָ ȴ.
     ýۿ ÿ  δٸ Ŀ ҽ
  Ʈ  (̰  ũ 뷮 ʿϹǷ,
  ϶), ׵  /usr/src/linux-x.y.z ̸ ̴  
  Ϲ̴. ⼭ x.y.z Ŀ ̴. ׸  ҽ Ʈ
  ɺ ũν    ִ.  , `ln -sf linux-1.2.2
  /usr/src/linux'  1.2.2  ش. ̿  ɺ
  ũ  , ln   ƱԸƮ  ϴ
  丮( ɺ ũ )  ƴ Ȯ϶. Ѵٸ
      ϴ Ͱ ٸ̴.

  10.3.  Ŀ Ʈ

  Russell Nelson(nelson@crynwr.com)  Ŀ    Ѵ.
  ̰ ª,  ׷̵ϱ   . ̰ ͸
  ftp ftp.emlist.com  pub/kchanges  URL ؼ  
  ִ.

      http://www.crynwr.com/kchanges

  11.  ٸ Ÿ

  o  Sound-HOWTO:  ī ƿƼ

  o  SCSI-HOWTO:  SCSI Ʈѷ ġ鿡 ؼ

  o  NET-2-HOWTO: Ʈŷ

  o  PPP-HOWTO: Ư PPP Ʈŷ ؼ

  o  PCMCIA-HOWTO:  Ʈ  ̹鿡 ؼ

  o  ELF-HOWTO: ELF:  ý ȯϱ

  o  Hardware-HOWTO: Ǵ ϵ   

  o  Module-HOWTO: ⿡ ؼ  ڼϰ

  o  Kerneld mini-HOWTO: kerneld ؼ

  o  BogoMips mini-HOWTO:  ñϴٸ

  12.  ⵿

  12.1.  

  -Ͽ  ڴ Brian Ward(bri@cs.uchicago.edu).
  ̴.  ̳, ߰ ̳,    ֱ
  ٶ (Ư     ߿ϴ.)

   URL߿   `Ȩ '   ִ.

      http://www.math.psu.edu/bri/
      http://blah.math.tu-graz.ac.at/~bri/

   Ͽ    ̷ ,  ʹ  
  ޱ , п ư ð ſ   ֱ
  ٶ.  Ư  ڿ   , Ư 
  ޼ Ȯ  ڼϰ ϴµ  ֱ ٶ. 
    ۵ ʴ ϵ(Ǵ ׿ ), 
   ϵ    ˾ƾ߸ Ѵ.   
   Ϸ Ѵٸ, "  ,  ."  
  .   ̾ ˾ƾ Ѵ.   
   ϴ ؼ Ű澲 ʴ . ϶!  
  ʴ´ٸ,      !   ǰ  ִ
   е鲲 Ѵ.

    Ŀڰ  ų 𸣴      
   ִ.

     ´µ  ð(3 ̻)  Ŀ
    ߴٸ,  쿬  ޼ ׷  
   (˼), ٽ ֱ ٶ.

    ϵ  ׷   ϵ  ޴´.
  װ .    ִ  ϵ ؼ  
    ,    ִ 𸥴ٴ° ο α ٶ.
    AMD, Adaptec, Sybios SCSI Ʈѷ, ׸ IBM SCSI
  ũ .

   -0.1 1994 10 3Ͽ .   SGML, Ʈ
  ũƮ , TeX, roff, ׸  ؽƮ ε   ִ.

  12.2.   ͵(To do)

  `` (Tips and tricks)''  ణ ۴.  ٸ̵
  ǰ    Ȯϱ⸦ ٶ.

  ``߰ Ű(Additional pakages)''   .

    /ļ    ʿϴ.

  12.3.  

  Linus README   κ(kernel hacking options) ԵǾ.
  (Thanks, Linus!)

  uc@brian.lunetix.de (Ulrich Callmeier): patch -s and xargs.

  quinlan@yggdrasil.com (Daniel Quinlan):  κп  ߰
  ־.

  nat@nat@nataa.fr.eu.org (Nat Makarevitch): mrproper, tar -p, ̿ 
  

  boldt@math.ucsb.edu (Axel Boldt): Ż Ŀ   ׿
    ߰,   ߴ.

  lembark@wrkhors.psyber.com (Steve Lembark):   

  kbriggs@earwax.pd.uwa.edu.au (Keith Briggs): ణ  ǰ

  rmcguire@freenet.columbus.oh.us (Ryan McGuire): `make'  ִ 
  ߰

  dumas@excalibur.ibp.fr (Eric Dumas):  

  simazaki@ab11.yamanashi.ac.jp (Yasutada Shimazaki): Ϻ 

  jjamor@lml.ls.fi.upm.es (Juan Jose Amor Iglesias): ξ 

  mva@sbbs.se (Martin Wahlen):  

  jzp1218@stud.u-szeged.hu (Zoltan Vamosi): 밡 

  bart@mat.uni.torun.pl (Bartosz Maruszewski):  

  donahue@tiber.nist.gov (Michael J Donahue): ö .  ``  
  ȸ'' 

  rms@gnu.ai.mit.edu (Richard Stallman):   / 

  dak@Pool.Informatik.RWTH-Aachen.DE (David Kastrup): NFS   

  esr@snark.thyrsus.com (Eric Raymond): پ ׸ ͵

       鵵   Ǿ.

  12.4.  ۱, ̼, ׸ ٸ  ͵

  Copyright  Brian Ward, 1994-1999.

   Ŵ ۱ǰ 㰡 뺸  纻 ȴٸ, 纻
   ϴ  㰡Ѵ.

  ִ ״ Ѵٴ Ͽ,  Ļ ۾  㰡
  ǿ ȴٸ,  Ŵ  ؼ ϴ 
  㰡Ѵ. ǵ  "" ֿ Ѵ.

  : 

  ǰ:   㰡, Ѵ. ,  ֽ 
     ڿ ؾ߸ Ѵ( װ 
   ִ   纻     ̴). ڴ
  ϱ  ڿ  ޾ƶ. μ   .
  Ȱ϶.

