  Linux Access HOWTO

  Michael De La Rue,  access-howto@ed.ac.uk <mailto:access-
  howto@ed.ac.uk>

  v2.11, 28 March 1997
    nsh@asp-linux.co.kr <mailto:nsh@asp-linux.co.kr>

  july 2000

  Linux Access HOWTOLinux󿡼   Ѵ.
    ϴ Ϲ  쿡  Ͽ
  Linux    ۾  ֵ Ѵ. , Ϲ 
   Linux  Ѵ.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  

  1. Ұ
     1.1  ħ(Distribution Policy)

  2. Linux Ÿ ü 
     2.1 Ϲ 
     2.2  뼺
     2.3  뼺

  3. ð
     3.1 ÷   ȭ 
        3.1.1 SVGA text mode
        3.1.2 X Window System
           3.1.2.1 δٸ ȭ ػ
           3.1.2.2 ȭ 
           3.1.2.3 ȭ  
           3.1.2.4 Cross Hair Cursors ..
        3.1.3 Audio
        3.1.4 Ȯμ
           3.1.4.1 LaTeX / TeX
        3.1.5 Large Text 
     3.2 Visual       Aids
        3.2.1  ܸ
        3.2.2  ռ
        3.2.3 Console  
        3.2.4   ν(OCR)
     3.3 Linux 
     3.4 Braille Embossing

  4. û 
     4.1 Visual Bells

  5. ü 
     5.1 콺/Ʈ  Ұ
        5.1.1 Unable to Use a Keyboard
           5.1.1.1 Ÿ Է ϵ (X Windows System only)
        5.1.2 Linux ϵ 
     5.2  ν
     5.3 Ű ۵
        5.3.1 X Window System.
        5.3.2 Auto Repeat Rid 
        5.3.3 macros/  Ű  ٷ Է
        5.3.4 Sticky keys

  6. Ϲ α׷ 
     6.1 Ƽ ̽  ϰ ϱϿ
     6.2 Ʈ  
     6.3  Ʈ ׽Ʈ
     6.4  
     6.5 Licenses

  7.   
     7.1 Linux 
        7.1.1 Linux  Ʈ
        7.1.2 The Linux Meta FAQ
        7.1.3 The Linux Software Map(LSM)
        7.1.4 Linux HOWTO 
        7.1.5 The Linux FAQ
     7.2 Mailing Ʈ
        7.2.1 Linux Access Ʈ
        7.2.2 The Linux Blind Ʈ
     7.3 WWW 
     7.4 
        7.4.1 
           7.4.1.1 Alphavision
           7.4.1.2 Linux   Alphavision AT ǰ
        7.4.2 Blazie Engineering
           7.4.2.1 Blazie AT ǰ
        7.4.3 Digital Equipment Corporation
           7.4.3.1 Linux Ǵ DEC AT ǰ
        7.4.4 Kommunikations-Technik Stolper GmbH
           7.4.4.1 Linux Ǵ KTG ATǰ

  8. Ʈ package
     8.1 Emacspeak
     8.2 BRLTTY
     8.3 screen
     8.4 Rsynth
     8.5 xocr
     8.6 xzoom
     8.7 NFBtrans
        8.7.1 Linux NFBtrans 
     8.8 UnWindows
        8.8.1 dynamag
        8.8.2 coloreyes
        8.8.3 border
        8.8.4 un-twm

  9. ϵ
     9.1 ũ ޸𸮷κ ۵Ǵ  ܸ
        9.1.1 Braillex
        9.1.2 Brailloterm
        9.1.3 Braillex Brailloterm Ŀ ġ
     9.2 Ʈ ġ  ܸ
        9.2.1 Tieman B.V.
           9.2.1.1 CombiBraille
        9.2.2 Alva B.V. <
        9.2.3 Telesensory Systems Inc. displays
           9.2.3.1 Powerbraille
           9.2.3.2 Navigator
        9.2.4 Braille Lite
     9.3  ռ
        9.3.1 DECTalk Express
        9.3.2 Accent SA
        9.3.3 SPO256-AL2 Speak and Spell chip.
     9.4 

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  Ұ

    ,Ư ָ  κ Ҽ ִ Linux
    Ѵ.  ð , û ,   ü
  ִֵ  ϴ.  Ÿ   Ͽ ߰
  ̴.

  ⼭ ϴ  ̰ 鿡   𸥴.
  ׷, ̰ ֿ  ƴ , Linusx  ڿ
  ̷      ˷ֱ ̴. Ȥ , Linuxڰ 
   ý(  )  ϱ   
   ִ    𸥴.

  ׷   Ұ     (̰  
  ۾κ Ŀٶ )ó   ȭ. 
   е鿡 ؼ "(Acknowledgements)"忡 ҰϿ.

  ּ , <access-howto@ed.ac.uk> ޾ư ٶ.  
  ּҴ mailing list  ̴.  HOWTO  ڵ
  ó , ̰ email ʱ ٶ.

    ڿ ø ð ڿԴ .  Ʈ 
   mail   𸥴.   mail blind-list access-
  list ϰ,  ǰ Ͽ,   ݿϱ
  ٶ.  ̷ο  ִٸ  ּҷ ֽñ ٶ.

    Normal mail can be sent to ( )

         Linux Access HOWTO
         23 Kingsborough Gardens
         Glasgow G12 9NH
         Scotland
         U.K.

   mail ٴ  ð  ̴.  
  miked@ed.ac.uk <mailto:miked@ed.ac.uk> ϰִ.  ŵ mail
   filtering  ϹǷ,  mailܴ̿ ٸ ּҸ Ͽ
  ֽÿ.  ̰ Ȯ   ʿϴ.

  1.1.   ħ(Distribution Policy)

  Access-HOWTO ۱ 1996 Michael De La Rue̴.

  Access-HOWTO GNU Public License version 2 Ȥ standard Linux
  Documentation project   Ǿ Ѵ.   ̼ 
    κ  ϴ.    GLP 
  , LDP  ؾѴ.

  The ACCESS-HOWTO may be distributed, at your choice, under either the
  terms of the GNU Public License version 2 or later or the standard
  Linux Documentation project terms.  These licenses should be available
  from where you got this document.  Please note that since the LDP
  terms don't allow modification (other than translation), modified ver-
  sions can be assumed to be distributed under the GPL.

  2.  Linux Ÿ ü 

  2.1.  Ϲ 

  ̰Ϳ ؼ`Linux Info Sheet', `Linux Meta FAQ' `Linux
  FAQ'(Linux  )  Ͻñ ٶ.  ðְ ִ
  ڸ  Linux ϴֿ  ͳݿ full access 
  Ʈũ ȯ ġ Ǳ ̴.  Ϲ, ڴ
  ȯ ϴٴ   LInux Ѵ.

  ټ GUIȯ ٸ, Linux (X Windows)graphical front end
  ⺻ ȯ иǾ, ׷ȯ濡 ϴ World Wide Web
   FAXƮͰ α׷ ִ. ̰ ý
   ̿ϴ  ش. Emacspeak  ̴.

   񱳴 Ÿ   Ҽְ, Ȯ 
  ƴ, Ưϰ  ʿ伺 ϴ  
  ȯ ý  ذå  Ұ̴. ٸ ýۿ
  ϴ κ Ʈ Ǳ ,  
  Ǳ ߴ.

  2.2.   뼺

  Linux Ư ΰ̶ . free speech synthesiser free
  voice control Ʈ ſ  Ʈ ټ õǾ.
  δ  ܸ    ϰִ free package ټ
  ִ.

  2.3.   뼺

  Linux Windows ɰϴ   Ʈ Ѵ.
  ̷ Ʈ command line Ѵ. ̰ ݵ ȭϿ
  graphical front end ȴ.  ׷,  α׷ OS̱⿡,
  ̷Ӱ, ο о߿ κ line  α׷̴.  ̷
   ü ڵ ִ , ̰ ʿϴ α׷
  ֹϴ° ϴ.  ðڿԴ speech synthesiser 
  ܸⰡ  巡 Ǹ .

  Linux ߰ console ý, ڸ Ͽ ڿ multi-
  tasking operating ýμ Ѵ.

  Linux(X11) Ǵ windowing ý  α׷ 
  Ͽ  밡, Macintosh Windows  ̴.
  ׷, μ(ʸ Ͽ)ǰ ,  ǰ Ȯ
  Ǿ.

  δ 500$(ΰ  PC+ sound card) ðڿ Linux
  ý ϴ  ϴ.  ٸ operating ý(screen reader
  Ʈ/ speech synthesiser ϵ)  õ޷ ϴ°Ͱ
  ϸ ̴.  Linux Ʈ speech synthesiser ġ
  Ͽ  Ȯ   ǹ , Է¿
  ϵ  뿡  ִٰ .

  3.  ð

  ⼭ 2 Ϲ з ϰڴ.

  1. text ų صϰų ߽߰  ʿ 

  2. ð ̽ ƹ͵    

  3.1.  ÷   ȭ 

  ⿡ پ  ִ.  ̴   
   ʴ.   ãƳ ϸ, cursor ϶
  װ ϴ 쵵 ִ.  ̰ (ַ X 
  ߰ϴ°)̴.

  3.1.1.  SVGA text mode

  ̰ Linux ϴ  text screen õ ϴµ ϴ
    screen 1ٿ 80ھ 25 Ÿ. ̰ SVGA text mode
      ִ( ǰ ȴ). SVGA ׷ ī
    full accessϿ, δ text 50*15ڷ ũ ǥð
  ϴ.  ( 80*25) screen Ϻκ  Ȯϴ  
  , ʿ信  Ҽ ִ.

  3.1.2.  X Window System

  ȭ   ִ Ե X   .   Ư¡
  coherent set  ߰ ʾ,  ¾ ȴٸ  
  ذҼ ִ.

  3.1.2.1.  δٸ ȭ ػ

  X δٸ ػ󵵷 ¾   ִ. Ű   ٸ
  ػ󵵷 Ͽ  text д°͵ ϴ.

  /etc/XF86Config file (: /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config) ,
  mode ù Screen section section ߰Ѵ.

         Modes       "1280x1024" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480" "320x240"

  Ctrl+Alt+Keypad-PlusCtrl+Alt+Keypad-Minus Ű ؼ δٸ
   ػ󵵷 ü   ִ.

  screen󿡼 콺  screen δٸ κп scrollѴ.
  ̰ ¾ ؼ    XFree86 X server
  Ǿִ   Ͻÿ. (:   /.tvwmrc,  /fvwmrc
   Ѵ.)

  3.1.2.2.  ȭ 

  screen  α׷   ִ.

      xmag:
        ʿ信ؼ screen Ϻ  ϴ 

      xzoom:
        xmag  մϴ."xzoom"

     puff:
        ̰ ð ڸ  .Ʈ ѷ 
        ȮǾ ġ  Ǿִ. puff ϳ
        Ư¡(Ȯϰ ȴٸ) screen Ϻΰ , Ȯ
        ȴٴ°̴. ׷, xpuff windows Ŵ  ȣ 
        ,  ư ȴ.

     fvwm
          , Ű    ʾҴ.  twm
        .

        

     dynamag
         ҰѴ. ̰ screen  Ư ϰų,
        20ʵ 2 3  10ȸ  Ȯ ȭ
        refreshϴ  Ư   ִ.  dynamag UnWindows
         Ϻ̴.  ڼ  "UnWindows"  Ͻÿ.

  3.1.2.3.  ȭ  

  X󿡼 ϴ Ʈ  screen font 氡ϸ, ϴ
   Ȯ밡 ϴ. ̰ Ϲ( home directory ִ)
  Xdefaults Ʒ  ߰ϴ  Ҽ ִ. ϰ
  α׷ Ʈ Ȯ  ֽÿ.  Emacs.font: -sony-fixed-
  medium-r-normal--16-150-75-75-c-80-iso8859-*

   Ʈ  Xα׷ Xfontsel  ȮҼ ִ.

   ⺻  ϴ ,     Ʈ
  ǥõȴ.  Ʈ ̸ ϱ⵵ϰ, Ʈ ϴ α׷
  ٸ scaling   ̷.  ̺  
  ãҴٸ,  ߴ   ˷ֽÿ.

  3.1.2.4.  Cross Hair Cursors ..

  Cursor ϴ°Ϳ ִ Դ ƷͰ 
  ִ.

  o  Cross Hair Cursor (,  Line ġ ǥ)

  o  Cursor (key  Ŵ)

  Cross Hair cursor  Ʈ ,  忡  puff
  Cursor  ϴ ڽ ǥû翩 ġ  Ҽ־.

   ּ  Cursor bitmap ϴ ̴. 
  bitmap file(cursorfile.bmp) ,   ͵ ٽ 
  ֽÿ.(black-file.bmp) ,   ϰ Ӱ ؾѴ. ̰
  XBM format ٲپ  ֽÿ.

            xsetroot -cursor cursorfile.xbm black-file.xbm

  ??? mask ˰ִٸ, "black-file"  ̾߸
   , װó  ֽÿ.

  3.1.3.  Audio

  AudioԷ,  ϱ⽬ ǻ  ȯ  ũ
  .  ÷  Դ  ("UnWindows"
  ) ġ ˼ְ ֱ⵵ϰ, Emacspeak("Emacspeak"
  ) ߴ cursor  ڿ ؼ   
    ش.

  Linux  "Linux Sound HOWTO"("Linux " .)
  ٷ ִ.  ѹ ¾Ǹ, Sound Linux κ  Ե play
   µȴ.

  3.1.4.  Ȯμ

  Linux Ȯμ⸦ ϴ  ϴ.    ִ.

  3.1.4.1.  LaTeX / TeX

  LaTex ſ   ó ý̴. ڿ Ȯμ 
   ϴ.     ,   LaTeX
  (typesetting α׷ )  ִ. Ʒ 
   ũ text ۼҼ ִ.

         \f1 magnifiedtenrm=cmr10 at 20pt  % setup a big font
         \f1 magnifiedtenrm
         this is some large text

     LaTeX å  ֽÿ. , ׳ݿ ãǼ
  ִ

  3.1.5.  Large Text 

  Linux κ  postscrip ϰ ִ. Linux ̷
  postscrip ̿    ִ.  ǥ Epson dot matrix
  printer  Large Text μѴ.

  X ڿ, Large Text ϱ    ִ 
  LyX  μ̴.  Ʒ Ʈ ִ.

  o  www-pu.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/users/ettrich <http://www-
     pu.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/users/ettrich>

  o  www.lehigh.edu/~dlj0/LyriX.html
     <http://www.lehigh.edu/~dlj0/LyriX.html>

  o  ftp.via.ecp.fr/pub/lyx <ftp://ftp.via.ecp.fr/pub/lyx>

  3.2.  Visual       Aids

  screen   ϴ  ° 
  ΰ  ִ.   ϴ  ¿ ġ  
  ʴ.  ,  ʿϴ.

   ȸִٸ,  ϸ ڽϱ? ̰ 
  ؾ߸ Ѵ.   ϱ , ո, Ư Text
  ø̼ǿ    ִ.  (δ  Ͱ  
   )   ȯ ʿϱ⿡ ٸ   
  ʱ  ʿϴ.  ( ռ  ʴ.)

  Braille spreadsheetͰ Ȯ ġ ʿ 
  ø̼ǿ ȴ.    θ üũϴ 
  ϴ. ׷, Braille   Text д¼ӵ .
  Braille  ,    ʿ ̴.Grade II Braille
  ó  ӵ   ġ ִ.  
  Braille    ġ ãƳ .   ڽ 
    Ͻÿ.  ټ   ִ ȭ Ͽ
  Ͽ.  based on original by James Bowden jrbowden@bcs.org.uk
  <mailto:jrbowden@bcs.org.uk>

  3.2.1.   ܸ

  (:braille ڹ)  ܸ  ϳ Ǵ  ̴. 
  80,  40ڷ ణ ѵ˴ϴ. Ʒ 2 ܸⰡ ִ.

  o  ϵ  ܸ

  o  Ʈ  ܸ

     1°  ǻͰ Text  , screen ޸𸮸  д
     ð Ѵ.  ϵ  ܸ⸦  ֽÿ.

  2°  ܸ⵵ Linux Ǵ  ܸ screen ſ
  ϴ.  ϰԵ Ư Ʈ ־߸Ѵ.

  ׷, ̰ ϴ 2  package ִ. ϳ BRLTTY 󸶰
   ÷̷ ̿Ǿ. ڴ   ϰ   
    ϴٰ Ѵ.   BRLTTYTieman B.V.'s
  CombiBrailleø Ѵ.  Alva B.V.'s ABT3ø, Telesensory
  Systems Inc.'s PowerBraille  Navigator ø ÷. Blazie
  EngineeringBraille Lite  ÷   , 
  ʿϹǷ Ͽ. "Software Braille Terminals" .

   ˰ִ ٸ package Braille Enhanced ũ̴. ̰
  Linux  ٸ UNIXýۻ󿡼 ϵ Ǿ.  
  ܸ access ϸ, ټ  Ư¡(δ ÿ  
  ܸ  ٸ α׷  մϴ) ִ.

  3.2.2.   ռ

   ռ ASCII Text    ϴ ̴.
  ϵ/Ʈ  밡ϴ.  ٿ  free Linux
   ռ  Ϻ ϴ.

  ϵ  ռ ϰ ִ.  ˰ִ Ѱ emacspeak
  ɰ Digital DECtalk ϴ.׷, 1997 3
  Doubletalk sythesisers ǥǾ,emacspeak  Linux 
  full access  ְ Ǿ.

  ̰ , Web  mail   Ư¡ ִ.  Ʈ
  α׷ ص   (PC IBM  ǰ) plain text
  reader ,  õ  ϰ ִ. 
  "Emacspeak" .

  3.2.3.  Console  

  Linux  normal(visual)screen  ޽ ǥѴ. ⺻
   ڰ ̰    ȯҼ ִ.  ᱹ κ 
  ̽ Linux ۵ϰֱ     Ұ ̴.
  access ʿ䰡ִ α׷ ⵿Ҽ ִ  ̴.
  BRLTTYα׷(: tty "brltty-1.0.2.tar.gz" file
  Ʈ  ִ.)  boot  ó Ǹ screen ǥõ 
    ̴. ټ ϵ/Ʈ ý 
   , Linux ý administering ư ϰ ִ.
  ׷ ðڿԴ Ұ  ƴϴ.

  consol    ý ִ.(Braillex).  ̰ screen
  ޸𸮷κ  д  Ǿ.  ӰԵ ܸ 
  scroll   .

   1.3.75ٵ ο Kernel ϰִٸ ʱ ۽ LILO
  Ʈ linux no-scroll Ÿ, ̰ ڵ Կ
  LILO  ֽÿ.   1.3.75 ̶"Screen Memory
  Braille Terminals" ÿ.

  ٸ    boot process stage ̸ , 
  ϴ ̴.(T.V.Raman)

  3.2.4.    ν(OCR)

  Linux йν α׷ xocr free̴. ϴٸ, 
  α׷  ð ڿ å д   ϰ
  ȴ.(OCR е  ) ׷,  ϸ 
  α׷ Ư font ϱ  Ʒ ʿϴ.  ׽Ʈ
  ϵ    Ǵ ˼ .  (֣
  www.rarf.riken.go.jp/archives/Linux/apps/
  <http://www.rarf.riken.go.jp/archives/Linux/apps/>
  graphics/capture/!INDEX.html xocr_5.english.tar.gz ( 3MB)
  ִ.  ̰ ̴.  scanner HOWTO  ٶ.  ̰
  [scanner-HOWTO-INDEX] ߴ.    "xocr" .  ̿
  ؿ Linux-OCR ؼ starship.skyport.net/crew/amk/ocr/
  <http://starship.skyport.net/crew/amk/ocr/> Ͻÿ.)

  3.3.  Linux 

  ݱ DOS ϰִ ̶ Linux ó ϴ 
  ƿ ó   ִ.

  o   set upϱ  ٸ ýۻ󿡼 Linux(UNIX)
      

  o  speaking/Braille ܸ⺸ Linux .   
     ̶, emacs  ֽÿ.(:Emacpeak  ȸ
     ִٸ)

  o  MSDOS󿡼  졸DOS2Linux Mini  HOWTO
     ̵ȴ.("The Linux HOWTO"  )

     Jim Van Zance (jrv@vanzandt.mv.com
     <mailto:jrv@vanzandt.mv.com>)     ִ.
     ("The Linux HOWTO Documents" ÿ.)

    Linux  տ emacs н 
  ˷־,emacspeak help emacs    иġ
  Ƿ ⼭ Ͽ.

   Emacspeak ϰ ִٸ,EmacspeakEmacs ؼ ͵
    ʴ´ٴ  ˰ ÿ.  ǹ̴  ˰ִ Emacs
   ϴ. ׷, Emacspeak ϱ Ƿ Emacs
    ˾ƾ ʿ伺 .  ϴ Emacspeak ν/ȴٸ,
  ϱ  ̽ ϴ info   on line
   ʿ   ִ.

  (: Emacspeak ϴ  ణ ε ϴ.
  EmacsEmacspeak  ޱ ؼ , Ư ̰  
  Xwindows Ϸ Ѵٸ,Emacs  ɿ  ͼ Ѵ.
  ׷, װ  ð ɸǷ, Ϸ翡 ĥ ʿ . -
  T.V.Raman

  ִ ɼ̶ RNIB Ʒôܰ(UNIX մϴ) ִ. ̰
  Ʒ ԼҼ ִ.

         RNIB
         Customer Services
         PO Box 173
         Peterborough
         Cambridgeshire PE2 6WS
         Tel: 01345 023153 (probably only works in UK)

  3.4.  Braille Embossing

  LinuxBraille embosser ۵ų  platform ̾߸ Ѵ.
    device  ϴ   format tool ִ. Braille
  embosser serial port մϴ.  serial port ǥ Linux
   ī Ѵ.  ڼ Linux Printing HOWTO
  Ͻÿ.

  ̱ "National Federation for the Blind"κ Լ Linux
  translator  free Ʈ package ִ.
  ̰NFBtransѴ. ڼ  "NFB translator"
  Ͻÿ.

  4.  û 

   , û  ִ» ǻ͸    .
   κ visual μ,   ־ װ visual
   ȭϸ  ذȴ

  4.1.  Visual Bells

  ƴ¹ٿϸ, ǻʹ Ư ڵ尡 α׷κ
  ۵Ǿ"beep" Ҹ .  ̰ Ϲ α׷ ǵ
  ˸ ȴ.  beep ȭü (Ǵ, ܸ
  ķ)flashϴ  ȯ ϴ.  

  xterm (under X)

  xterm, Ű  콺 ߰ ư Ŭϴ  
  ϱ ϰ, Ȩ 丮 .Xdefaults"XTerm*visualBell: true"
  ߰Ͽ Ѵ.

  the console (otherwise)

  ֿܼ visual Bell ︮  ణ մϴ. Alessandro
  RubiniǡVisual Bell mini HOWTO    ֽϴ. (ٸ
  Linux   ÿ.)   κ ø̼ ⺻
  , Linux Ŀڽ Ͽ  ̷.

  5.  ü 

    ټ  ޵ȴ.  ʿ伺, Է 
  Ÿ ε  ȭ,  HOWTO   ִ 
  Ʈ  ǰ߿ ϴ ̴.

  5.1.  콺/Ʈ  Ұ

  ̼ ̵߿ 콺 뵵 ƴ.    ־
  tracker ball ſ , ̿   Է ġ
  Ű̴.  (Ǵ simulate keyboard)

  Ϲ Linux 뿡־ ̰ ̴.("Making the keyboard
  behave" )  Xڿ, ̰  ȯϿ 
  ߻Ѵ.  fvwm window Ŵ   ϴ Ͱ
  Ǿ ַ Ű带 Ѵ.

  ڴ  콺  Ÿ Ҵ. fvwm  ˰ִ
  Linux  ü ԵǾִ. Ÿ α׷  Ű
  °Ϳ Ѵ.   Xα׷  ɿ ־ ̰
  ϴ.   ǥ X ̰ ϴٰ Ѵ.

  5.1.1.  Unable to Use a Keyboard

   Ű带  ϴ  headstick̳mouthstick ,
  Ű带 ̿Ѵ.  ̰Ϳ Ư Ű 谡 ʿϴ.("Making
  the keyboard" .)

  5.1.1.1.  Ÿ Է ϵ (X Windows System only)

  Ű   ϰ pointingġ  , ǥ
  Linux ֿܼ ذ   X ̿ȴ.  X Է
  charcter Է ġ  Ѵٸ, Ű带  ʾƵ
  poiniting Է ϴ.

  screen ġ eye pointer  Է ʿ ġ . 
   "ġ driver" ʿϴ.  ̰Ϳ   ִٸ, ġ
  ٷ   ʰ C Programming ɷ ʿմϴ. 
   Linux Kernel Hackers guide (: HTML  Ǿ
  ֽϴ.) ̳ Ŀ  Ͻÿ.   Ǿٸ,
  콺ó  ġ   ̴.

  5.1.2.  Linux ϵ 

  ⼭ ִ ֿ ׷ Linux Lab Project̴. Ϲ
  GIPBϵ ۰ϴ.  (GIPB: IEEEͰ п ǥ
  ̽). Ը ǿ Ʈ  ɼ ,
  ڰ ˰ִ  õ ʾҴ´.)

  5.2.   ν

   ν ǻ͸   ְϴ ſ  ̴. Linux
  ڰ ˰ִ ý 2̴.  ϳ [ ν ƴ 
    Ǿ] Ҽ ִ ears̴.   °
  AbbotDemoǡA speaker independent continuous speech recognition
  system̴. 㰡   Ұ  ̷ο
  ̴.    Linux software map(ref id="linux-docs"
  name="other Linux  documents") .

  5.3.  Ű ۵

  5.3.1.  X Window System.

  ֽ Xڴ Է ִ    ִ.  ̴
  StickKeys, MouseKeys, RepeatKeys, BounceKeys, SlowKeys, ׸
  TimeOut Ѵ.  ʿ  Ű 踦 Ͽ, X
   6.1̻󿡼 XKB> ȴ.   Ͽ, ߰ ν
  Ͻÿ.

  xdpyinfo -queryExtensions  Ͻÿ.(: X ƿƼ 
  ǥϴ )

  5.3.2.  Auto Repeat Rid 

  Linux ַܼ key repeat Ϸ  ɾ Ѵ. ָܼ
  ѹ Ǿ Ѵ.  (ܼ  Ȩ 丮 .profile, .login Ͽ
  ȴ.)

  setterm -repeat off X 󿡼 ڵ ݺ Rid Ϸ

  xset -r

  Դϴ. X   ̰ Ϸ .xsession, .xinit Ͽ
  ߰Ͻÿ.

     ɾ ܼ  ϴ  ־  ġ
  ִ.

  5.3.3.  macros/  Ű  ٷ Է

   ̿Ͱ Ȳ Ǳ⵵ Ѵ.  Է ӵ̴. ⼭ 
  ߿ ,  Ű   ɾ Էϰ ;ϴ ̴.
  (bash / tcsh) ڴ Ŵ   Ѵ.  Ư ɾ
  ϸ ϷḦ  ٶ.([TAB]Ű , bash  
   Ѵ. :δ bash Ʈ"ap" Էϰ [TAB]Ű
   append_db appletviewer appres apropos  ɾ Ѵ.)
  ϳ Ű  ɾ  ϴ Ͱ  macros ؼ
  "Keystroke HOWTO"  ٶ.

  5.3.4.  Sticky keys

  Sticky Ű ư ϳ , shift̳ control  Ű 
  Ű带 ϱ ̴.

  ٸ Ű ÿ  üϸ, Ű cpas lock ŰͰ̵Ǿ ٸ Ű
  ִ  stayȴ.  ¾  ؼ"Linux  Keyboard HOWTO"
  Ͻʽÿ. Ư"I can use only one finger to type with" 
  Ͻÿ(15忡 ± ִ.) - Information from Toby Reed.

  6.  Ϲ α׷ 

   ʿ䰡ִ  ټ, ϱ  Ʈ 
     ϴ Ͱ  ̴.

  6.1.  Ƽ ̽  ϰ ϱϿ

   Ʈ ׷ ̽  ʾ, ð
   , line  ̽ ؼ Ҽ ֱ⶧,
  Ÿ Է  .   X(Ϲ 콺)
    Ű ִܷ  Ѵ.   ø̼ǿ,
  ڰ Ű   

  6.2.  Ʈ  

   font  ϴٸ,  ó 氡ϴ.  
  ϴٸ,  ڵ   ִ.  font 
  ϴٸ, ð (õ)   Ʈ ϴٰ
   ̴.

  6.3.   Ʈ ׽Ʈ

      Ʈ ϴµ ־,   access
   ִٸ Ư   ̴. и ̰ ο
  ǿ  ƴ ǵ ׻ û  ִ.

  6.4.   

  , α׷  Ʈ  ִ Ȯ Ͻÿ. error
  ޽ Ư  Ǿ formatȴ.  , XȯϿ 
  windows ̸  ִ  ȮѴ.   screen reader
  Ʈ ̰  ϰ ȴ.

  6.5.  Licenses

  Linux Ʈ (߿ α׷ ) "
  "̶ ̼  ִ.̰  ۾ 
  Ʈ ϱ  Դ   ִ.  ϴٸ,
  ٸ   ϴ  . ̰  ٸ 
  κ Ӱ Ѵ. Ʈ ڰ Ǹ ġ, 
     ȭ( ȸ Ǹ .)  ϴ
  κ ( ȸ ̼ Ͽ ġ
  ̴.), ʿ 񳭹ް ȴ.

  ϴٸ ̿Ͱ  ̼ ϴ . Ʈ
   κ ȣ ʿ伺 ϿGNU Public
  License(GPL)Artistic License Ͽ ȹ  ִ.

  7.    

  7.1.  Linux 

  Linux  Linux  ϱ⵵ϸ, ⿡ Ǿִ
   ټ Linux ֽ  ҽ Եȴ.

   ͳ 󿡼     Ʒ Ʈ Ͻÿ.
  ̰  mirror Ʈ̴.

  o  ftp.funet.fi (128.214.6.100) : /pub/OS/Linux/doc/

  o  tsx-11.mit.edu (18.172.1.2) : /pub/linux/docs/

  o  sunsite.unc.edu (152.2.22.81) : /pub/Linux/docs/

  7.1.1.  Linux  Ʈ

  Linux Ϳ  ϰ ˱⽱ Ѵ.   Linux ϰ
    ؼ ϰ 쿡 ǳ־߸ ϴ°
  ϳ̴.  (: Ƹ ̰  ϴ  Linux ϴ
   ٸ ŷ̴.)

  Linux Info Sheet Ʒ WWWκ  ִ.
  sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/INFO-SHEET.html
  <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/INFO-SHEET.html>

  7.1.2.  The Linux Meta FAQ

     Ʈ. mata FAQ ƷWorld Wide Web 
  ִ.

  sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/META-FAQ.html
  <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/META-FAQ.html>

  7.1.3.  The Linux Software Map(LSM)

  ͳݻ ϴ Linux Ʈ Ʈ̴. ⿡
  ƮǾִ package ټ ͳݿ غ ִ.  LSM
  (Linux Software Map) www.boutell.com/lsm/
  <http://www.boutell.com/lsm/>κ Ҽ ִ.   "Linux
  Documentation"忡  FTP Ʈ Text Ϸ  ִ.

  7.1.4.  Linux HOWTO 

  HOWTO  Linux ֿ ̴. ̡Access HOWTO HOWTO
  ϳ̴.  Linux  Ʈ(LDP) Ȩ
  Ʈsunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html
  <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html>̴.   ̰ ϰִ
  ȸ簡 .   local Linux ڿ  ֽÿ.

  Linux HOWTO  "Linux Documentation" 忡 ޵ FTPƮ
  HOWTO 丮̴.

  7.1.5.  The Linux FAQ

  FAQ(Frequently Asked Questions)    
  ޾Ƶδ.  FAQ Ʈ"Linux Documentation"忡  FTP
  Ʈ  www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/iwj10/linux-faq/
  <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/iwj10/linux-faq/>  ִ.

  7.2.  Mailing Ʈ

  2 Mailing Ʈ Linux õ  ٷ.  Ϲ
  ǻ 뵵 ٷ ġִ ͵ ֽϴ. μ,  Mailing
  Ʈ Mail   ڽŵ д´.Access-HOWTO Ե
  ߿  ִ.  ⼭  ʴٸ 繰 ڿ 
  ʿ .

  7.2.1.  Linux Access Ʈ

  ̰  Linux Access  ٷ Mailing Ʈ̴. [Linux 
   ϵ  ̰ų Linux ʾҴ Linux OS
  Ʈ ,   ´.]  ǵ̴.  
  Ϸ subscribe linux-access < email ּ>  
  majordomo@ssv1.union.utah.edu <mailto:majordomo@ssv1.union.utah.edu>
    email  mailing Ʈ ϵȴ.

  7.2.2.  The Linux Blind Ʈ

  ̰ Linux ϰִ   mailing Ʈ̴. ߿ϰ
   Ʈ Ʈ ִ.    blinux-list-
  request@redhat.com <mailto:blinux-list-request@redhat.com>email
  .

  7.3.  WWW 

  WWW(World Wide Web)  ȭѴ.      а
  ִٸ,    Ȱ̴. WWW󿡼 ϰִ 
   1 2  ̴. Ʒ Ͻÿ.

  Linux  κ sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html
  <http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/linux.html> Web Linux Access
  www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~mikedlr/access/
  <http://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~mikedlr/access/>  
  www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~mikedlr/access/HOWTO/
  <htttp://www.tardis.ed.ac.uk/~mikedlr/access/HOWTO/>.

  ׷, ǵ̸  Linux FTP Ʈκ ٿε Ͻÿ. 
  traffic ٸ  ϰ ٸ  ̵ϰ ȴ.  BLINUX
  (֣Blind Linux)Development Project leb.net/blinux/
  <http://leb.net/blinux/>

  Emacspeak WWW 
  cs.cornell.edu/home/raman/emacspeak/emacspeak.html
  <http://cs.cornell.edu/home/raman/emacspeak/emacspeak.html>

  BRLTTY WWW  www.sf.co.kr/t.linux/new/brltty.html
  <http://www.sf.co.kr/t.linux/new/brltty.html>

  Yahoo (one of the most major Internet catalogues)
  www.yahoo.com/Society_and_Culture/Disabilities/Adaptive_Technology/
  <http://www.yahoo.com/Society_and_Culture/Disabilities/Adaptive_Technology/>

  The Linux Lab Project  www.fu-berlin.de/~clausi/ <http://www.fu-
  berlin.de/~clausi/>.

  BLYNX : , ðڿ ´ Lynx   (:Lynx Text
  ⺻ WWW ζ̴.)  leb.net/blinux/blynx/
  <http://leb.net/blinux/blynx/>

  7.4.  

    Braillex UK()  ̴.  Alphavision Limited

  7.4.1.  

  7.4.1.1.  Alphavision

  ڴ ϱ. RNIB ڷν, ƮǾ,  ٸ
   ׵ Braillex ٰ Ѵ.

    Alphavision Ltd
    Seymour House
    Copyground Lane
    High Wycombe
    Bucks HP12 3HE
    England
    U.K.

       Phone
          +44 1494-530 555

  7.4.1.2.  Linux   Alphavision AT ǰ

  o  Braillex

  7.4.2.  Blazie Engineering

  Braille Lite BRLTTY   ǰ ־.  
   ʴ´.  ϳ ־ Linux ϰ
  Ʈ   ؾ Ѵ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
    Blazie Engineering
    105 East Jarrettsville Rd.
    Forest Hill, MD 21050
    U.S.A.

       Phone
          +1 (410) 893-9333

       FAX
          +1 (410) 836-5040

       BBS
          +1 (410) 893-8944

       E-Mail
          <url url="mailto:info@blazie.com" name="info@blazie.com">

       WWW
          <url url="http://www.blazie.com/" name="www.blazie.com/">
  ______________________________________________________________________

  7.4.2.1.  Blazie AT ǰ

  o  Braille Lite ( )

  7.4.3.  Digital Equipment Corporation

  ______________________________________________________________________
    Digital Equipment Corporation
    P.O. Box CS2008
    Nashua
    NH 03061-2008
    U.S.A

       Order
          +1 800-722-9332

       Tech info
          +1 800-722-9332

       FAX
          +1 603-884-5597

       WWW
          <url url="http://www.digital.com/" name="www.digital.com/">
  ______________________________________________________________________

  7.4.3.1.  Linux Ǵ DEC AT ǰ

  o  DECTalk Express

  7.4.4.  Kommunikations-Technik Stolper GmbH

  ______________________________________________________________________
    KTS Stolper GmbH
    Herzenhaldenweg 10
    73095 Albershausen
    Germany

       Phone
          +49 7161 37023

       Fax
          +49 7161 32632
  ______________________________________________________________________

  7.4.4.1.  Linux Ǵ KTG ATǰ

  o  Brailloterm

  8.  Ʈ package

    ۷Linux Software map(LSM)κ  ϰִ.
  LSM Linux ִ ҿ  ִ.  Linux   ִ
  Ʈ ƮǾ ִ.

  8.1.  Emacspeak

  Emacspeak Linux  ̽ Ʈ ̴. WWW,
  telnet, Ͷϴ α׷ ʸ δ  ڸ
  empacspeak ϴ  ϴ. empacspeak  screen
  reader(DOSϴ ü ý) ̴ б 󿡼 ٸ
  Ư  ִ ̴.

  Emacspeak Emacs ȴ. ؽƮ ʹ  , ȯ,
  ߰ϰų ϴµ Ǵ α׷̴.  Emacs ܼ ؽƮ
  Ϳ Ͽ  ٸ    Ű  ̻
  ϴ.  emacs  ٸ α׷ ൵ ϰ,  emacs
  ͹̳  ·Ϳ ǥõǴ  ص ȴ. ũ ġ
  ؼϱ⵵ ϴµ,   Ķ̶    迭 ǹ̸
  ؼ ش.

  emacs Emacspeak ȯμ  μ, ȭ ġ ̿  
  ִ Ͱ Ķ    迭   ִ  ó 
   ִ  ִ. Ű ڴ emacs  Linuxӽ 
  ϰ   ֵ ϰ ִ.  ٸ ӽŰ Ʈ
   ϰ ϱ ؼ emacs ϰ ִ.

  Emacspeak Debian  ְ,  Slakware Ǿ ִ
  Ʈ  ԵǾ ִ.   Emacspeak CDROM  Ǿ
  ִ Linux װ Լ   ִ.     ƿ,
   5 Emacspeak CDROM  ־ٰ մϴٸ,  ڴ
   4 ׽Ʈ Ѵ.

  ______________________________________________________________________
    Begin3
    Title:          emacspeak - a speech output interface to Emacs
    Version:        4.0
    Entered-date:   30MAY96
    Description:    Emacspeak is the first full-fledged speech output
                    system that will allow someone who cannot see to work
                    directly on a UNIX system. (Until now, the only option
                    available to visually impaired users has been to use a
                    talking PC as a terminal.) Emacspeak is built on top
                    of Emacs. Once you start emacs with emacspeak loaded,
                    you get spoken feedback for everything you do. Your
                    mileage will vary depending on how well you can use
                    Emacs.  There is nothing that you cannot do inside
                    Emacs:-)
    Keywords:       handicap access visually impaired blind speech emacs
    Author:         raman@adobe.com (T. V. Raman)
    Maintained-by:  jrv@vanzandt.mv.com (Jim Van Zandt)
    Primary-site:   sunsite.unc.edu apps/sound/speech
                    124kB   emacspeak-4.0.tgz
    Alternate-site:
    Original-site:  www.cs.cornell.edu /pub/raman/emacspeak
                    123kB   emacspeak.tar.gz/Info/People/raman/emacspeak/emacspeak.tar.gz
    Platforms:      DECtalk Express or DEC Multivoice speech synthesizer,
                    GNU FSF Emacs 19 (version 19.23 or later) and TCLX
                    7.3B (Extended TCL).
    Copying-policy: GPL
    End
  ______________________________________________________________________

  8.2.  BRLTTY

  ̰ ø  ϴ  ܸ α׷̴.  鿡
   ƮǾ ǰ ִ.    ϵ ϰ ִ.
  ( Linux Software Map  ֽÿ.  LSM ؼ ``Linux
  Software Map''). ϴ  Nikhil Nair nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk
  <mailro:nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk> ̴.    Nicolas Pitre
  nico@cam.org <mailto:nico@cam.org> and Stephane Doyon
  doyons@jsp.umontreal.ca <mailto:doyons@jsp.umontreal.ca>Դϴ.
  BRLTTY  ǰ ̰  Ź ٶ.

  ڵ   ٸ ġ    ְ Ǵ   ٶ.
     ׵鿡   ֽÿ.  ġ α׷
   ʿ ϹǷ,   ڿ    Լϸ 
    ֽÿ.  ִ  (READMEϷκ).

  o  ǥ screen    ϼ

  o  ϰ ġ ߰ ɼ. cursor, ߿ ܾ  õõ
      , ̶Ʈ ؽƮ/ ؽƮ ũ ǥõ.

  o  ̰ Text ͳ cursor ̵ ϰ  ش. 
     ÷̷κ      ̵Ű ʴ´.  "lntelligent"' cursor
     routing.

  o  cut&paste . ̰  ϰ  ɾ ϴµ
     ϴ.

  o  on-line help 

  o    code .

  o   ÷̿ ġ ϰ ߰  ִ ⷯ
     (Modular design).  UNIX  platform .

  ______________________________________________________________________
    LSM)

         Begin3
         Title:          BRLTTY - Access software for Unix for a blind person
                                  using a soft Braille terminal
         Version:        1.0.2, 17SEP96
         Entered-date:   17SEP96
         Description:    BRLTTY is a daemon which provides access to a Unix console
                         for a blind person using a soft Braille display (see the
                         README file for a full explanation).

                         BRLTTY only works with text-mode applications.

                         We hope that this system will be expanded to support
                         other soft Braille displays, and possibly even other
                         Unix-like platforms.
         Keywords:       Braille console access visually impaired blind
         Author:         nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk  (Nikhil Nair)
                         nico@cam.org (Nicolas Pitre)
                         doyons@jsp.umontreal.ca (Stephane Doyon)
                         jrbowden@bcs.org.uk (James Bowden)
         Maintained-by:  nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk   (Nikhil Nair)
         Primary-site:   sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/system/Access
         110kb brltty-1.0.2.tar.gz (includes the README file)
                           6kb brltty-1.0.2.README
                           1kb brltty-1.0.2.lsm
         Platforms:      Linux (kernel 1.1.92 or later) running on a PC or DEC Alpha.
                         Not X/graphics.
                         Supported Braille displays (serial communication only):
                           - Tieman B.V.: CombiBraille 25/45/85;
                           - Alva B.V.: ABT3xx series;
                           - Telesensory Systems Inc.: PowerBraille 40 (not 65/80),
                             Navigator 20/40/80 (latest firmware version only?).
         Copying-policy: GPL
         End
  ______________________________________________________________________

  8.3.  screen

  ũ ܸ󿡼 ÿ  α׷   ֵ ϴ
  Ʈ Ϻ̴.  ܸ⸦ ϵ(Telesensory
  κ)Ȯ  ִ.

  8.4.  Rsynth

  ̰ LinuxƮ ʿ Ʈǰ ִ  Լ Ʈ̴.  
  ð ڿ ־   Ѵ.  ϵ 
  Ͽ Ͽ ֽÿ. free-speech synthesiser  ϴ.

  8.5.  xocr

  xocr Linux   ν ϴ Ű̴.
  Rsynth(``Rsynth'') Ͱ , ð ڿ  Էϴ 
   ϴ Űμ   Ѵٰ Ѵ. Ȯϰ
  а ִ  üũ   ʿ䰡 ִ  ״  (ð ڿ
  ־ )  ƴ϶  ʴ´.  ( :`` 
  ν(OCR)'')

  8.6.  xzoom

  xzoom ũ Ȯ α׷̴. xmag   ֽϴٸ ð
     ſ  ̴. xzoomware ֿ 
  װ ڽ  Ȯ ʰ,  Ű Ʈ fvwm ȣȯ
  ϴٸ,   ־ Ǹ α׷̴, RedHat 
  rpmý  Ȯ.    а ִ 
  Ͽ  ũ   ִ.   ũ  ڽ ̵ 
    ؼ ˻ xzoom RedHatƮ κ rpmμ Լ 
  ִ.  RedHat ڿ  rpm ý ϰ ִ Դ
  ν  ̴.  ( :Slackware ڶ .rpm
  rpmĿ带 νϿ   ִ.)

  i?RPM-BUILD-HOWTO . GNU cpio 2.4.1ϴ
  (rpm-2.2.9-1.i386.cpio.gz) ʿϰ, slackware/source/a/cpio
  丮 ִ.   xzoom "xzoom-0.3.tgz: can work only with 8
  bits/pixel" .

  ______________________________________________________________________
    LSM)

    Begin3
    Title:          xzoom
    Version:        0.1
    Entered-date:   Mar 30 1996
    Description:    xzoom can magnify (by integer value) rotate
                    (by a multiple if 90 degrees) and mirror about
                    the X or Y axes areas on X11 screen
                    and display them in it's window.
    Keywords:       X11 zoom magnify xmag
    Author:         Itai Nahshon nahshon@best.com
    Maintained-by:  Itai Nahshon nahshon@best.com
    Primary-site:   sunsite.unc.edu
                    probably in /pub/Linux/X11/xutils/xzoom-0.1.tgz
    Platforms:      Linux+11. Support only for 8-bit depth.
                    Tested only in Linux 1.3.* with the XSVGA 3.1.2
    driver.
                                    Needs the XSHM extension.
    Copying-policy: Free
    End
  ______________________________________________________________________

  8.7.  NFBtrans

  nfbtrans Ƽ   ȯ α׷̴.  the National Federation
  for the Blind in the U.S.A     Ǿ ִ.  
  ʿ ϱ⿡  free Ǿϴ. ϰ ִ¾ Ʒ .

        USA English, UK English   
        Spanish                   
        Russian                   þƾ
        Esperanto                 
        German                    Ͼ
        Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Greek  (), 

  ٸ  ȯ ̺ Ἥ ߰  ִ.

  NFBtrans nfb.org/ftp/nfb/braille/nfbtrans/
  <ftp://nfb.org/ftp/nfb/braille/nfbtrans/> κ Լ  ִ.
  ٿε ,  ʿ䰡 ִ.

  8.7.1.  Linux NFBtrans 

  NFBtrans ڿ  ġ ǳ  ,  ġ
  NFBtranspackage ִ´ٴ  ޴´. ׷Ƿ,  740
  ߿ Ű Լ   ۾  ʿ .  package
  ԵǾ ִ ô  Ͻÿ.

            unzip -L NFBTR740.ZIP   #or whatever filename you have
            mv makefile Makefile

  ϸ ġ Ϸμ Ͽ  ֽÿ. (e.g. patch-file).

  ______________________________________________________________________
          *** nfbpatch.c.orig     Tue Mar 12 11:37:28 1996
         --- nfbpatch.c  Tue Mar 12 11:37:06 1996
         ***************
         *** 185,190 ****
         --- 185,193 ----
             return (finfo.st_size);
          }       /*filelrngth*/

                   + #ifndef linux
   + /* pretty safe to assume all linux has usleep I think ?? this should be
         + done properly anyway */
           #ifdef SYSVR4
           void usleep(usec)
             int usec;
         ***************
         *** 195,200 ****
         --- 198,204 ----
         UKP  }                   /*usleep*/
    #endif
         + #endif

           void beep(count)
             int count;

    and run

         patch < patch-file

    then type

         make

    and the program should compile.
  ______________________________________________________________________

  8.8.  UnWindows

  UnWindows ð (not blind) ־    ϴ
  Xaccess ƿƼ Ű̴.screen ,  ġ Ÿ
  Ŀ ԵǾ ִ.  ftp.cs.rpi.edu/pub/unwindows
  <ftp://ftp.cs.rpi.edu/pub/unwindows>κ ٿ ε  ִ.

  Ʈ Ű Linux  ʴ´. ϴ ͵ Sun
  Ư   ϰ ֱ ̴. ׷ ƿƼ 
  ϰ,  κе port ϹǷ,  Ű  鿡
  ־ ִ  𸥴.  port  Ű
  ԵǾ  ʾƼ BLINUX (``WWW references'')κ
  Լ  ְ Ǿ.    ʴ  ƿƼ 
  ƿƼ̴.  α׷ ( ڽ ϴ
  ſ)ٸ α  ȣϵ ϰ ִ.   ٸ
  α׷

  play /usr/lib/games/xboing/sounds/ouch.au

    Ѵ.   Ͱ ȭ ´ܿ ε "ouch"
  Ҹ 

  8.8.1.  dynamag

  dynamag ũ  α׷̴. ũ  ؼ
  ``magnification''  ֽÿ.  α׷ Ʈ distribution
  ߴ

  8.8.2.  coloreyes

  coloreyes 콺  ġ ãƳ   ش. ΰ 
  (xeyes )Ͱ ִ   ־,  Ÿ  
  ȭѴ.  (xeye ٸ Դϴ.) ̰ Ʈ Ű 
  , ׽Ʈ  ߴ.

  8.8.3.  border

  border 콺 Ͱ ũ  ̵  װ ų, 
  ũ     Ҹ ︰. Լ  
  SUN  ý Ѵ. , ̰ Ͽ Linux
   α׷   ְ Ǿ..

  8.8.4.  un-twm

   Ŵ Xũ ǥõ (α׷)  ġ
  Ʈϴ Ư α׷̴. un-twm Ͱ ٸ
  (α׷) ̵  Ҹ ︮  ̴.  
    ϰ ִ. ǰ ִ   linux
   ʴ´. border  SUN ϰ ֱ , 
   о ִ ƿ Linux   ֵ  
   ̴.

  9.  ϵ

  9.1.  ũ ޸𸮷κ ۵Ǵ  ܸ

  븻 ؽƮ 忡 ũ ޸𸮸   ִ  ܸⰡ
  ִ.  Linux ϵ   ִ. ð  
  ڰ ֻܼ󿡼   ִ (ν ۾) κ ϴ.
  ׷,   LinuxĿ ũѿ  ִ. ű⼭ Ŀڿ
  ġ  籸 ʿ䰡 ִ.  ``Braillex Brailloterm Ŀ
  ġ''   ֽÿ.

  9.1.1.  Braillex

  Braillex ũ ޸𸮷κ  е  ܸμ 
  ϴ MS-DOSα׷ ȮѴ.  ũ  ǥ ȴٸ 
  ܸ ڷ ǥѴ.  Linux ũ ڵ MSDOS ٸǷ
    ʿ䰡 ִ.  ܸ⸦ ⵿ϱ ؼ ``Patching the
  Kernel'' ġ ߾ Ѵ.   ۾ Ѵٸ Ϲ ڰ
  е    ִ.  starter operating system ϰ
  Ҷ  ܸ ⵿  ֽÿ.  Braillex 
  cell(801 402) ΰ ġ ϴ.  IB 2-D   Ҹ
   ִ.  ̰ ȭ ࿡ ؼ  ǥϴ ٸ
   ִ.  (ũ δ  4Ʈ(4 programmable dots)  Ѵ.)

    Price: 8,995  (pounds sterling) or 11495 UKP for 2-D
    Manufacturer: Alphavision Limited (UK)
    Suppliers: ????

  9.1.2.  Brailloterm

  Brailloterm ΰ

  KTS(Kommunikations-Technik Stolper GmbH) ߵ 
  ÷̴.   ࿡ 80 ڼ  ִ. ڸ ǥϱ
     8Ʈ̰,   (up/down)Ǿ ִ. Brailloterm
    ũ cursor ִ  ǥ Ѵ Brailloterm 
   ũ   ؼ  ϴ.  - Jose Vilmar Estacio
  de Souza jvilmar@embratel.net.br <mailto:jvilmar@embratel.net.br>

  Jose, ܸ⵵ DOS ø 並    Ư
  α׷ ʿϴٰ ߴ. Linux÷  ˼ .

  Braillex , Ŀ  ۽Ű  ġ ʿϴ.
  ``Ŀ ġ''  ֽÿ.

    Price: about 23.000,- DM /  $ 15.000,
    Manufacturer: Kommunikations-Technik Stolper GmbH
    Suppliers: ????

  9.1.3.  Braillex Brailloterm Ŀ ġ

  ̰ ¼  MS-DOS ̴ ũ ޸𸮸 д  
  ܸ    ִٰ ,  ܸ⿡ 
     ֽÿ. ̰  ʰ BRLTTY 
  ܸ     ٰ Ѵ.  Ŀ  1.2.X
   Ϳ ؼ ġ Ͻÿ.  Ŀ  1.1.Xκ
  1.3.72 Ϳ  ̴.  1.3.75κ ġ  ʿ
  Ǿ.   LILOprompt ܰ  `linux no-scroll' 
  ũ ʵ ϴ   ̴. LILO ؼ
  Boot Prompt HOWTO  .

  ______________________________________________________________________
         *** drivers/char/console.c~     Fri Mar 17 07:31:40 1995
         --- drivers/char/console.c      Tue Mar  5 04:34:47 1996
         ***************
         *** 601,605 ****
           static void scrup(int currcons, unsigned int t, unsigned int b)
          {
      !       int hardscroll = 1;

                 if (b > video_num_lines || t >= b)
         --- 601,605 ----
           static void scrup(int currcons, unsigned int t, unsigned int b)
          {
     !       int hardscroll = 0;

                 if (b > video_num_lines || t >= b)
  ______________________________________________________________________

   ġ ģ To apply it:

  1. ̰ ġ Ϸμ (patch-file)

  2. cd drivers/char

  3. 

     patch < patch-file

  4.  ҿ  Ŀ 籸 Ѵ.

      ġ  ,  ܸ⸦(Linux ְܼ )
       ִ.

  ϸ,ġ¡scrupԼ  ࿡ 10 ٲٴ
  (drivers/char/console.c603α) ǹϰ ִ.  patch ؼ
  ֿ ,α׷ ̰ ϰ Linux ڰ  
  ٲپ  ϴ ۾  ˾ дٴ ̴.

    ο Ŀ ϰ ־,ũ ҿ , (
   boot prompt ذ  ſ ) ġ  ֽÿ.
  ̰ 1.3.75  Ŀڿ   .

  ______________________________________________________________________
    *** console.c~  Fri Mar 15 04:01:45 1996
    --- console.c   Thu Apr  4 13:29:48 1996
    ***************
    *** 516,520 ****
      unsigned char has_wrapped;          /* all of videomem is data of fg_console */
      static unsigned char hardscroll_enabled;
    ! static unsigned char hardscroll_disabled_by_init = 0;

      void no_scroll(char *str, int *ints)
    --- 516,520 ----
      unsigned char has_wrapped;          /* all of videomem is data of fg_console */
      static unsigned char hardscroll_enabled;
    ! static unsigned char hardscroll_disabled_by_init = 1;

      void no_scroll(char *str, int *ints)
  ______________________________________________________________________

  9.2.  Ʈ ġ  ܸ

  ̵ ܸ   VT100̶ϴ CRTܸ Ͱ ſ
  ϴ.ø Ʈ Խ ϴ ǻʹ   
  ׷ ؾ߸ Ѵ. ֱٿ BRLTTY  õǾ.
  (``BRLTTY''  Ȯ ũ ).

  9.2.1.  Tieman B.V.

  9.2.1.1.  CombiBraille

  Price: around 4600 UKP for the 45 cell model ...  Manufacturer: Tieman
  B.V.  Suppliers: Concept Systems, Nottingham, England (voice +44 115
  925 5988)

  9.2.2.  Alva B.V. <

  ABT3xxø BRLTTY ǰ ִ. ABT340   ٰ
  Ѵ. ٸ    BRLTTY ڿ  
  ֽÿ.

    Price: 20 cell - 2200 UKP; 40 cell 4500 UKP; 80 cell 8000 UKP
    Manufacturer: Alva
    Suppliers: Professional Vision Services LTD, Hertshire, England
               (+44 1462 677331)

  9.2.3.  Telesensory Systems Inc. displays

  ׵ ڿ α׷  ϰ ֱ  Telesensory
  ÷̴ BRLTTYӸ ƴ϶ screen ȴ.

  9.2.3.1.  Powerbraille

  40, 65, 80 3  ִ. BRLTTY 40 ȴ.

    Price: 20 cell - 2200 UKP; 40 cell 4500 UKP; 80 cell 8000 UKP
    Manufacturer: Alva
    Suppliers: Professional Vision Services LTD, Hertshire, England
               (+44 1462 677331)

  9.2.3.2.  Navigator

  ̰͵ 20, 60, 80 3  ִ. ֱ   BRLTTY
  ,ʱ  (ϵ()+Ʈ) ϰ Ȯεǰ 
  ʴ.

    Price: 80 cell 7800 UKP
    Manufacturer: Alva
    Suppliers: Professional Vision Services LTD, Hertshire, England
               (+44 1462 677331)

  9.2.4.  Braille Lite

  ̰ ܸ⺸   ޴ ǻ̴. ׷   ܸ
  ó BRLTTY version 0.22(ο  Ұ)ۿ   .
  CombiBraille ϴ  ټ Braille Lite  
  .̰ Linux    ϴ.

    Price: $3,395.00
    Manufacturer: Blazie Engineering

  9.3.   ռ

   ռ  PCӽ ø 信  Ѵ.  Ʒ 
  Ư¡ ִ.

  o  Braille labels on partsBraille () Ʈ

  o  Many voices to allow different parts of document to be spoken
     differently پ Ҹ   κ Ѵ.

  o  Use with headphones (not available on all models)

     ߿   ǰ̴. ӿ  带  
     ƴ϶  ռ  ֿ μ ϴ 
     ־ ̰  ߿ϴ.     T.V. Raman DECTalk
     ϴ   ߴ.

  9.3.1.  DECTalk Express

  ̰  ռ̴. Emacspeak ȴ. DECTalk  
   ռ ̴( Ű ϴ  ).
  ŵ   Ư  ִ .̶   ٴ
  ̴.

    Price: $1195.00
    Manufacturer: Digital Equipment Corporation

    Suppliers: Many.  I'd like details of those with Specific Linux
            support / delivering international or otherwise of note only
            please.  Otherwise refer to local organisations.
            Digital themselves or the Emacspeak WWW pages.

  9.3.2.  Accent SA

  ̰Aicom Corporation ŵ̴. ̿ ġ Ἥ
  ϱ ߾,  ʿϴ.  ΰ  ִ
    www.cyberspc.mb.ca/~astrope/speak.html
  <http://www.cyberspc.mb.ca/~astrope/speak.html>ֽÿ.

  9.3.3.  SPO256-AL2 Speak and Spell chip.

  ִ   Ĩ  ڱ  ũ ȸ(self built talking
  circuits) Ȯϰ ִ ̴. Ʈ Ű
  speak-0.2pl1.tar.gz David Sugar dyfet@tycho.com
  <mailto:dyfet@tycho.com>     δ 
  ǿ ǰ   ƴٰ .

  9.4.  

    ټ, ͳݻ  ⺻ .  Yahoo
  DEC's Alta Vista ˻  ϰ ִ .   µ
  Ʈ Ű ټ װͿ յǾ ִ ؽƮ  ϰ
  ִ.   Royal National Institute for the Blind's
  helpsheetsκ Ҵ.  T.V.Raman ɾ,   
  Emacspeak ̴.  ݻ󿡼 ˰ ִ ٸ 鵵
  ⿩Ͽ.  Brailloterm ġ    Kenneth Albanowski
  , kjahds@kjahds.com <mailto:kjahds@kjahds.com>

  S.u.S.E. GmbH (Linux distributors and makers of S.u.S.E. Linux
  (English/German) Roland Dyroff  䱸  KTS Stolper
  GmbH Brailloterm , ϵ   ־.   
  üũ    James Bowden, jrbowden@bcs.org.uk
  <mailto:jrbowden@bcs.org.uk> Nikhil Nair nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk
  <mailto:nn201@cus.cam.ac.uk>̴.

  ȿ     ݷ   BRLTTY ̴
  blinux linux-access ϸ Ʈ ںе   
  ϰ ִ.  Trace R&D centre Mark E. Novak trace.wisc.edu/
  <http://trace.wisc.edu/> κʹ Ʈ Ű ڰ  
    ־. ڰ ߿ κ  ٴ ణ
  ̴.

  Ÿ  Nicolas Pitrie Stephane Doyon.

    ڸƮ  ̴ּ. Ư   ߿
  ˷ȴ.   RedHat Dr. Linux book κ ۵Ǿ . ̶
  ͵ ڿ ٸ  LDP ڿ ݵ (Access-HOWTO  Ͱ
     ) Ѵٰ Ѵ.  ׵ ϰ ִ 
  ſ  ̴. ͳݻ  ٵ    Ƿ
  ϱ ̴. ⿩ е ⿡    ,
   .  ȴٸ   Ȯ ߰ϰڴ.

